Byzantine and Romanesque architecture . d inthe evident striving after beauty, we see that the artisticsense was alive, that it had in it all the promise of youth,and that it wanted nothing but practice, experience, andknowledge to develop a new and noble of Among the influences that tended to sever theconnexion of Italian art with the East must be included thegrowth of Papal power during the period of the Lombardkingdom. The unsettled state of the country, the strugglebetween Exarch and Lombard, the constant disturbanceof the Lombard throne itself by rebellions, all favouredthe adv
Byzantine and Romanesque architecture . d inthe evident striving after beauty, we see that the artisticsense was alive, that it had in it all the promise of youth,and that it wanted nothing but practice, experience, andknowledge to develop a new and noble of Among the influences that tended to sever theconnexion of Italian art with the East must be included thegrowth of Papal power during the period of the Lombardkingdom. The unsettled state of the country, the strugglebetween Exarch and Lombard, the constant disturbanceof the Lombard throne itself by rebellions, all favouredthe advance of the Pope towards temporal power. Thedays were long past when Theodoric could summon aPope to Ravenna and send him to Constantinople on amission to secure liberty of worship for Arians, and on hisreturn put him in prison for a traitor. Or when PopeMartin for anathematizing the Monothelites could bedragged to the Emperors court at Constantinople andsent to die in the Chersonnese. Yet in the 7th century * Lucretius, i. 264. papacy. CH. xiv] RUPTURE—EAST AND WEST 227 the Pope was still the obedient subject of the Easternempire. His claim to precedence was disputed by thePatriarch of Constantinople. He was not even secure inhis claim to ecclesiastical supremacy in Italy, for in 642the Archbishops of Ravenna asserted and for a timemaintained their independence of him\ But the weakness of the Exarchate, the existence of Growth ofwhich was threatened by the Lombards, caused the poSTirRomans to rely on the Pontiff for the maintenance of •order; and the character and virtues of Gregory Istrengthened and confirmed the papal authority, andconverted it almost into an independent edict of the Emperor Leo the Isaurian in 726forbidding the worship of images, and directing theirdestruction, gave the Popes the opportunity of putting Breachthemselves at the head of the image worshippers and EiTandof breaking finally with the Empire. ^^^^ Having thus practically freed t
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