A dictionary of Greek and Roman . the wrestling, which then commenced,was called avaK\iuoirdhr], and continued until oneof the parties declared himself conquered or wasstrangled, as was the case at Olympia with Arrhi-chion or Arrachion of Phigalia, in 01. 54. ( 40. §1, &c.; Euseb. Chron. p. 150, Scalig.)A lively description of a struggle of this kind isgiven by Philostratus {I. c). Sometimes one of 858 PANDECTAE. PANDECTAE. the fighters fell down on his hack on purpose thathe might thus ward off the attacks of his antago-nist more easily, and this is perhaps the trick c
A dictionary of Greek and Roman . the wrestling, which then commenced,was called avaK\iuoirdhr], and continued until oneof the parties declared himself conquered or wasstrangled, as was the case at Olympia with Arrhi-chion or Arrachion of Phigalia, in 01. 54. ( 40. §1, &c.; Euseb. Chron. p. 150, Scalig.)A lively description of a struggle of this kind isgiven by Philostratus {I. c). Sometimes one of 858 PANDECTAE. PANDECTAE. the fighters fell down on his hack on purpose thathe might thus ward off the attacks of his antago-nist more easily, and this is perhaps the trick calledvirTLacr/jLos. The usual mode of making a personfall was to put one foot behind his, and then topush him backward, or to seize him round hisbody in such a manner that the upper part beingthe heavier the person lost his balance and the expressions Aa/xgaVeiz/, /xsao\a-€elv, iiiaov alpelv, to. /xecra e^etj/, Sia /xrjpwuc-Kav, &c. (Scalig. ad Euseb. Chron. p. 48.) Theannexed woodcut represents two pairs of Pan-. cratiastae ; the one on the right hand is an ex-ample of the avcLKAivowdhr], and that on theleft of the fAcaoAagelv. They are taken fromKrauses Gymnastik und Agonhtik d. Hellen. b. Fig. 35, b. 31, b., where they are copiedrespectively from Grivaud, Rec. d. Mon. i. pi. 20, 21, and Krause, Signorum vet. icones,tab. 10. At Rome the pancratium is first mentioned inthe games which Caligula gave to the people. (DionCass. lix. 13.) After this time it seems to havebecome extremely popular, and Justinian ( c. 1, provided TvayKaptrov be, as some suppose,a mistake for ira-yKpaTiov) made it one of the sevensolemnities (-npoohoi) which the consuls had toprovide for the amusement of the people. Several of the Greek pancratiastae have beenimmortalised in the epinician odes of Pindar,namely Timodemus of Athens (Nem. ii.), Melissusand Strepsiades of Thebes (Isth. iii. and vi.), Aris-toclides, Cleander and Phylacides of Aegina (
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