. The principles of physics. .^ Following A common fault with young singers is attempting to sing the consonants. 242 MOLAR DYNAMICS. vowels, they represent the position of the organs of speech at theinterruption of the vowel sounds, and the consequent modificationsof these sounds. Consonants are accordingly classified into labials,dentals, gutturals, etc. The more care exercised in placing theorgans in suitable positions for attack or interruption and the lesssound emitted from these points at the moment of attack, theclearer is the articulation. Modulations of the voice in conversa-tion take
. The principles of physics. .^ Following A common fault with young singers is attempting to sing the consonants. 242 MOLAR DYNAMICS. vowels, they represent the position of the organs of speech at theinterruption of the vowel sounds, and the consequent modificationsof these sounds. Consonants are accordingly classified into labials,dentals, gutturals, etc. The more care exercised in placing theorgans in suitable positions for attack or interruption and the lesssound emitted from these points at the moment of attack, theclearer is the articulation. Modulations of the voice in conversa-tion take place usually in musical intervals. Singing differs fromspeaking chiefly in the manner in which the vocal sounds are modi-fled. In both, the sustained sounds are vowel sounds. In factonly vowel sounds are musical, and any language is musical inproportion to the number of vowels it contains. Thus Greek is amore musical language than Latin, and Italian than German. 196. The ear. — In Fig. 196, A represents the external ear-. FlG. 196. passage; a is a membrane, called the tympanum, stretchedacross the bottom of the passage, and thus closing the orificeof a cavity b, called the drum; c is a chain of small bonesstretching across the drum, and connecting the tympanum THE EAR. 243 with the thin membranous wall of the vestibule e; ff are aseries of semicircular canals opening into the vestibule ; g isan opening into another canal in the form of a snail-shell g\hence called the cochlea (this is drawn on a reduced scale) ;rf is a tube (the Eustachian tub&j connecting the drum withthe throat; and h is the auditory nerve. The vestibule andall the canals opening into it are filled with a transparentliquid. The drum of the ear contains air, and the Eustachiantube forms a means of ingress and egress for air through thethroat. Now how does the ear hear ? and how is it able to dis-tinguish between the infinite variety of form, rapidity, andintensity of aerial sound-waves so as to interpret c
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