. Advances in herpetology and evolutionary biology : essays in honor of Ernest E. Williams. Williams, Ernest E. (Ernest Edward); Herpetology; Evolution. 392 Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology i teiids, xenosaurs necrosaurs xantusiids anguids helode. Figure 14. Suggested areas of origin of lizard families and suggested dispersals between areas, given on continental reconstruction of Owen (1976) for Early Cretaceous time (120 ). Family names occur approxi- mately on presumed area of origin. Where names span more than one continent, origin is presumed to have been on the con
. Advances in herpetology and evolutionary biology : essays in honor of Ernest E. Williams. Williams, Ernest E. (Ernest Edward); Herpetology; Evolution. 392 Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology i teiids, xenosaurs necrosaurs xantusiids anguids helode. Figure 14. Suggested areas of origin of lizard families and suggested dispersals between areas, given on continental reconstruction of Owen (1976) for Early Cretaceous time (120 ). Family names occur approxi- mately on presumed area of origin. Where names span more than one continent, origin is presumed to have been on the conjoined area. Continents identified in Figure 2. Number of lines connecting regions indicates numbers of families presumed to be involved in dispersals (as opposed to vicariances) during Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Cenozoic time. The number code identifies the families involved as follows: 1) iguanids, teiids, scincids, anguids; 2) iguanids, glyptosaurs, helodermatids, necrosaurs; 3) agamids, scincids, varanids; 4) agamids, gekkonids, scincids, varanids; 5) gekkonids, scincids; 6) chamaeleonids, lacertids. by Lillegraven et al. (1979). In this out- standing summary of paleogeographic data, the map distortion makes the actual close faunal relationships of Southeast Asia and Gondwana biogeographically inexplicable. In Owen's reconstruction the enormous Tethys seaway in the eastern regions—at least as an entity floored by simatic (oceanic) crust— disappears. Owen stated, however, that this does not rule out a narrower epicon- tinental Tethys in this region that could have been an effective barrier to animal movement in some cases. The absence of a large Tethys ocean also reduces the northward movement of India to about 1,600 km, thus reducing also the high rate of movement usually predicted for this region to a figure more like that of rates of plate movement in other areas. In Owen's reconstruction greater India remained close to Southeast Asia throughout Mesozoic time, although
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