. Special report on diseases of cattle . Cattle. THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF CATTLE. 505 The ear tick (Ornithodoros megnini) is frequently found in the ears of cattle in the western United States. Treatment for ear ticks. —On account of their protected location ear ticks are not affected by dipping or spraying. Ear ticks are very difficult to kill, and remedies strong enough for this purpose are liable to injure the cattle, but the parasites may be expelled by pour- ing into the ear noninjurious substances such as cotton-seed oil, linseed oil, 20 per cent emulsion of crude petroleum, or almost any
. Special report on diseases of cattle . Cattle. THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF CATTLE. 505 The ear tick (Ornithodoros megnini) is frequently found in the ears of cattle in the western United States. Treatment for ear ticks. —On account of their protected location ear ticks are not affected by dipping or spraying. Ear ticks are very difficult to kill, and remedies strong enough for this purpose are liable to injure the cattle, but the parasites may be expelled by pour- ing into the ear noninjurious substances such as cotton-seed oil, linseed oil, 20 per cent emulsion of crude petroleum, or almost any stock dip diluted as for use in dipping. BLOODSUCKERS OR LEECHES. These worms are sometimes taken up by cattle when drinking from ponds. They may attach themselves to the inner surface of the mouth or nose, and sometimes reach the upper part of the windpipe or of the gullet. Bleeding at the mouth or nose may be noticed, the membranes where the leech is attached are liable to be swollen and congested, and as a result of the loss of blood a condition of anemia may result. Treatment for bloodsuckers.—If the worm can be reached it may be destroyed by cut- ting it in two with a pair of scissors, or it may be removed with forceps or with the fin- gers after wrapping a towel around the hand so that the worm can be held without slipping. fig. of the wail of Fumigation with tobacco or tar may cause the first stomach with eon- the worm to release its hold if it can not ^Ll^,^7^ be removed by other means. Ponds may be rid of infestation with bloodsuckers by the introduction of eels. PARASITES OP THE STOMACH. The stomach of cattle consists of four compartments, of which the first and fourth are most likely to be the seat of parasitic infestation. The first stomach, or paunch, contains large numbers of minute para- sites known as protozoa, which are too small to be seen with the naked eye. These small organisms apparently are in no way injuri- ous. A species of fluke (Paramp
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