. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 62 H. Schneider, F. Hussein & Akef. Fig. 9. The effect of temperature and body length upon fundamental frequency. B. orien- talis: ai (43 mm), &z (45 mm), a3 (47 mm); B. variegata from Plitvice: bi ( mm), b2 ( mm); hybrids B. bombina 9 xfi v. variegata cr: \>z (28—32 mm); B. variegata from: b4 Omis, sample 1 (44 mm), bs Tübingen (40 mm), b6 Chalkidiki (38 mm), b7 Tübingen (42 mm), bs Omis, sample 2 (50 mm), b9 Tübingen (45 mm), bio Omis, sa
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 62 H. Schneider, F. Hussein & Akef. Fig. 9. The effect of temperature and body length upon fundamental frequency. B. orien- talis: ai (43 mm), &z (45 mm), a3 (47 mm); B. variegata from Plitvice: bi ( mm), b2 ( mm); hybrids B. bombina 9 xfi v. variegata cr: \>z (28—32 mm); B. variegata from: b4 Omis, sample 1 (44 mm), bs Tübingen (40 mm), b6 Chalkidiki (38 mm), b7 Tübingen (42 mm), bs Omis, sample 2 (50 mm), b9 Tübingen (45 mm), bio Omis, sample 1 ( mm); B. bombina: ci (40 mm), C2 (42 mm), C3 (48 mm). 3. Call frequency The calls of the various toads studied are strongly differentiated interspecifically with respect to the fundamental frequency and its harmonics. In the calls of some Bombina the harmonics are strongly expressed, in others certain harmonics are damped and others are emphasized. Moreover, the yellow- bellied toads and B. bombina show modulated frequencies, while B. orientalis shows a slightly modulated frequency. In all toads the fundamental frequency varies inversely with the body length, as illustrated in Table V and Fig. 9. It is obvious that male B. orientalis emit call frequencies which are significantly higher than those of the other toads studied. The regression line of the hybrids (length 28 — 32 mm) is located between the lines of B. variegata from Plitvice (length mm) above it and that of B. bom- bina (length 40 mm) below it; the latter species has a remarkably low call fre-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig. Bonn : Das Forschungsinstitut
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