Tests of large bridge columns. . S>t .02 o .0/ .02 .03 o .0/ 3 .04 inohes Fig. 63.—-Typical stress deformation curves gence instead of a parallelism of curves in the case of column US2-MS! (carbon). Enough observations were taken in the case ofcolumns HC and MY to show definitely that there is practically aradial divergence of the curves below the critical value pc; in otherwords, neglecting minor departures and curvatures, the stress / is Tests of Large Bridge Columns 103 a linear function of p for low loads. The law for the larger numberof columns of the series may therefore be stated ana
Tests of large bridge columns. . S>t .02 o .0/ .02 .03 o .0/ 3 .04 inohes Fig. 63.—-Typical stress deformation curves gence instead of a parallelism of curves in the case of column US2-MS! (carbon). Enough observations were taken in the case ofcolumns HC and MY to show definitely that there is practically aradial divergence of the curves below the critical value pc; in otherwords, neglecting minor departures and curvatures, the stress / is Tests of Large Bridge Columns 103 a linear function of p for low loads. The law for the larger numberof columns of the series may therefore be stated analytically to areasonable degree of approximation:. ,01 .02 O .O/ .02 p .Ol .02 OS .04 .OS //jches Fig. 64.—Typical stress deformation curves }-p=(g-g0) _~ = ± p—2 in the interval o<f<fc, o<p<pc oO V )-p = a constant in the interval /c</</w, pc<p<p^- In the above expressions /c, pc denote the stresses at the points ofdiscontinuity in the slopes of the curves, and /w, p* denote thelimits of safe working stresses. The parallelism of curves was 104 Technologic Papers of the Bureau of Standards found in most cases to hold with little variation up to the stresses/y, p7 at the mean yield point of the steel. The nearly uniform divergence of the p, g curves below thestress £0 = 5000 pounds per square inch denotes that the eccen-tricity of the columns is maintained approximately constant inthe interval. The mean stress pG at which the rate of divergencechanges and the curves become either parallel or diverge at a differ-ent rate indicates, in the opinion of the authors, the point at whichthe built-up steel ceases t
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