. Fruit diseases and how to treat them!. s of plums and spots are at first purplish in color but later they turn to abrown as the result of the death of the tissue. The dead tissuefalls away leaving more or less circular holes which gives the t^RUlT DISEASES AND SOW TO TREAT THEM. 221 leaf the appearance of havingbeen pierced by shot assliown in Fig. 18 hence thename shot-hole fungus. Ifnot treated the foliage of thetree may be entirely destroy-ed thus causing not only aserious check to the growthof the plant but the castingof its fruit as well. Fortu-nately the disease yields tot
. Fruit diseases and how to treat them!. s of plums and spots are at first purplish in color but later they turn to abrown as the result of the death of the tissue. The dead tissuefalls away leaving more or less circular holes which gives the t^RUlT DISEASES AND SOW TO TREAT THEM. 221 leaf the appearance of havingbeen pierced by shot assliown in Fig. 18 hence thename shot-hole fungus. Ifnot treated the foliage of thetree may be entirely destroy-ed thus causing not only aserious check to the growthof the plant but the castingof its fruit as well. Fortu-nately the disease yields totreat ment with BordeauxMixture. The first sprayingshould be made as soon as theleaves appear, and repeated atintervals of two to threeFifi. 18.—Shot-hole fungus. weeks until the middle of July after which time all treatments on bearing trees should bemade with Ammoniacal Coj^x^pi Carboante otherwise the fruitwould be stained and somewhat damaged for market , however, spraying later than July 15, will not be Black Knot {Ploivriglilia inor/wsa.) The black warts or knots Fig. 19 common upon the cherryand plum are usually attributed to the work of insects. Thesegrowths or galls are the result of a fungus growth, and the in-sects which are often found in them are there merely becausethey find the galls convenient and suitable hibernating or breed-ing place. The life history of this pest is not entirely clear tothe botanist, as yet. but enough is known to suggest the courseto pursue in treating the malady. In general best ^results are obtained from cutting out andburning all infested branches. Supplement this by spraying 222 WEST VIRGINIA EXPERIMENT STATION. the trees early in the season beforethe buds burst with a sokition ofCopper Sulphate, At the timethe buds are opening the treesshould receive an application ofBordeaux Mixture (41b. by ), this application to berepeated, during the last week inMay and again about the middle ofJune. Knots u
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