Czar Catherine ll of Russia 1729 1796 with diadeem and coronation mantle wife of Peter lll
Peter was born in Kiel. His parents were Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (nephew of Charles XII of Sweden) and Anna Petrovna, a daughter of Emperor Peter the Great of Russia and his second wife, Catherine I of Russia. In 1739, Peter's father died, and he became Duke of Holstein-Gottorp as Karl Peter Ulrich. He could thus be considered the heir to both thrones (Russia and Sweden). When Anna's sister Elizabeth became Empress of Russia she brought Peter from Germany to Russia and proclaimed him her heir in the autumn of 1742. Previously in 1742 the 14-year-old Peter was proclaimed King of Finland during the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) when Russian troops held Finland. This proclamation was based on his succession rights to territories held by his childless great-uncle, the late Charles XII of Sweden who also had been Grand Duke of Finland. About the same time, in October 1742, he was chosen by the Swedish parliament to become heir to the Swedish throne. However, the Swedish parliament was unaware of the fact that he had also been proclaimed heir to the throne of Russia, and when their envoy arrived in Saint Petersburg it was too late. It has been reported that the underage Peter's succession rights to Sweden were renounced on his behalf (such an act in name of a minor has been regarded as questionable and probably invalid). Empress Elisabeth arranged for Peter to marry his second cousin, Princess Sophia Augusta Fredericka of Anhalt-Zerbst, daughter of Christian August and Johanna Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst (for her pedigree, see Russian ancestry of Catherine the Great). The young princess formally converted to Russian Orthodoxy and took the name Ekaterina Alexeievna, Catherine. The marriage was not a happy one, but produced one son; the future Emperor Paul, and one daughter; Anna Petrovna (20 December 1757 - 19 March 1757). Catherine later claimed that Paul was not fathered by Peter. During the sixteen years of their residence in Oranienbaum Cather
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Photo credit: © Peter Horree / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
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