. Official proceedings . iron in passing throughthe pipe system. In the case of the sample from the boiler, therewas found a large amount of iron rust in suspension, but thesame amount in solution as was found in sample taken fromnear outlet of cold water system. The amount of iron //; solutionin sample from boiler is certain and positive proof that in pass-ing through the pipe in question, the water had taken up asmuch iron as it could hold in solution, or in other words was 222 saturated and it could not dissolve any more after leaving thepoint in the pipe system at which it had become satur
. Official proceedings . iron in passing throughthe pipe system. In the case of the sample from the boiler, therewas found a large amount of iron rust in suspension, but thesame amount in solution as was found in sample taken fromnear outlet of cold water system. The amount of iron //; solutionin sample from boiler is certain and positive proof that in pass-ing through the pipe in question, the water had taken up asmuch iron as it could hold in solution, or in other words was 222 saturated and it could not dissolve any more after leaving thepoint in the pipe system at which it had become saturated, con-sequently could not and did not exert a corrosive action in theboilers. ]>ut, you say to yourselves, if this is a solvent action, whydid it not take place uniformily over the entire surface, ratherthan in the form of pitting? Let us see. If we take a piece ofboiler plate and bring it to a high state of polish, and put itunder a high power microscope, we see something that mightlook like this: Figure Xo. This illustration is evidence that the composition of ironor steel is not continuous or uniform. Xo doubt many of youat least have had the opportunity to look over a chemists reportcovering a sample of iron or steel; in case you have you musthave noticed that he did not state the amount of iron it con-tained, but he did tell you that it contained carbon, silicon,maganese, sulphur, phosphorus, etc. Each and every one ofthese substances, as they exist in the metal of the sheets ortubes, are chemically combined with a certain amount of thepure metallic iron or other metals, forming new substances char-acteristic of themselves, which are very different from the pureor uncombined iron itself. The balance of the metal is madeup of uncombined iron, commonly known as ferrite. Since, then,the sheets or tubes are not of continuous or uniform composi-tion, and knowing that practically no two different substancesare soluble to the same extent, we can assume that the com- 2
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