. The Iron and steel magazine. pal substances employed in the lumping process are glue,tar, molasses, asphalt, etc. Working along these lines, the wTiter decided upon the ideaof using carbon, or coking these fine materials with bituminouscoal. The coal in coking thoroughly incorporates the fine mate-rials, acting as a fairly good carrier, being porous, takes thematerials down to the zone of reduction and much of it still fur-ther to the tuyeres, carries more than enough carbon for reduc-tion, carries no foreign materials into the furnace, and besidesit is cheap. Samples have been made carrying
. The Iron and steel magazine. pal substances employed in the lumping process are glue,tar, molasses, asphalt, etc. Working along these lines, the wTiter decided upon the ideaof using carbon, or coking these fine materials with bituminouscoal. The coal in coking thoroughly incorporates the fine mate-rials, acting as a fairly good carrier, being porous, takes thematerials down to the zone of reduction and much of it still fur-ther to the tuyeres, carries more than enough carbon for reduc-tion, carries no foreign materials into the furnace, and besidesit is cheap. Samples have been made carrying 12J, 25 and 50per cent by weight of these materials. The 25 per cent one,the mean, shows by analysis to run: Port Henry Buffalo ^ Per cent Per cent Iron 14-07 Lime Magnesium Alumina Fixed carbon Volatile matter These tests were conducted in a clay crucible. The processcan be carried on very nicely in a bee-hive oven. A small battery Metallurgical Notes and Comments 79. of these can be installed very reasonably and made to pay at aplant running four or more stacks. Any sized plant can be madeto pay handsomely where the by-product ovens are used as theyare at many plants to-day, and more are installing them. Thisplan is also applicable at any plant where the coke is made at ornear the furnace. I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. L. D. Fraun-felder, chemist and assistant superintendent at Port Henry,N. Y., lor his cooperation and analyses. James C. Attix,^ Journal American Chemical Society, February, 1905. A New Vertical Illuminator. — The accompanying illustra-tion shows a vertical illuminator of the prism type, manufac-tured by Messrs. R. and J. Beck, Limited,London. The device is fitted with aniris diaphragm beneath the prism, forcutting off outside light, and a plate ofstops so arranged that the position ofthe beam of light impinging on theprism can be varied until parallel lightof the right angle is obtain
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectiron, bookyear1898
