. The biology of birds. Birds. FOOD AND ITS UTILISATION 93 to the front of the rest of the skull. Parrots often gnaw into hard nuts or grind hard seeds to powder, there being file- like roughnesses to the inside of the Fig. 22.—Types of beak, i, eagle (hooked); 2, curlew (decurved); 3, goatsucker (wide gape); 4, spoonbill (spatulate); 5, toucan; 6, giant petrel; 7, cockatoo; 8, spatula duck (lamellate); 9, goosander (ser- rate) ; 10, hawfinch ; 11, robin ; 12, rhyncops or skimmer. Adaptations for fish-catching by spearing are seen in the snake-bird ; by gripping in gannet, cormorant, an


. The biology of birds. Birds. FOOD AND ITS UTILISATION 93 to the front of the rest of the skull. Parrots often gnaw into hard nuts or grind hard seeds to powder, there being file- like roughnesses to the inside of the Fig. 22.—Types of beak, i, eagle (hooked); 2, curlew (decurved); 3, goatsucker (wide gape); 4, spoonbill (spatulate); 5, toucan; 6, giant petrel; 7, cockatoo; 8, spatula duck (lamellate); 9, goosander (ser- rate) ; 10, hawfinch ; 11, robin ; 12, rhyncops or skimmer. Adaptations for fish-catching by spearing are seen in the snake-bird ; by gripping in gannet, cormorant, and merganser; by engulfing in the pelican. The puffin. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Thomson, J. Arthur (John Arthur), 1861-1933. New York : Macmillan


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1923