. The myology of the raven (Corvus corax sinuatus.) A guide to the study of the muscular system in birds . sthe cavity of the chest, to become inserted on theinner aspect of the corresponding costal process of thesternum, rather in advance of its centre. A delicateband of fascia spans the insertion of this muscle a fewmillimetres in front of its point of attachment. This isshown in Fig. 19. According to Owen, this is themost constant of all the muscles affecting the lower O larynx. It is reckoned by Savart as the sixth pair ofvocal muscles, but not by Cuvier, since it is not directlyattached t
. The myology of the raven (Corvus corax sinuatus.) A guide to the study of the muscular system in birds . sthe cavity of the chest, to become inserted on theinner aspect of the corresponding costal process of thesternum, rather in advance of its centre. A delicateband of fascia spans the insertion of this muscle a fewmillimetres in front of its point of attachment. This isshown in Fig. 19. According to Owen, this is themost constant of all the muscles affecting the lower O larynx. It is reckoned by Savart as the sixth pair ofvocal muscles, but not by Cuvier, since it is not directlyattached to any part of the lower larynx, and exists inbirds, as, , the Vulture and Ostrich, in which thatlarynx is not developed (Anat. Verts., vol. ii. p. 224). The infinite number of changes that the foregoingmuscles can bring about in the form of an organ so con-stituted as the inferior larynx of the Raven is, can bemore easily imagined than described. The principal E 50 THE MYOLOGY OF THE RAVEN. fact, however, to be kept before us is, that as the formand tension of its walls vary, the tympanic membrane. FIG. 19.—Authors sketch of his dissection of the musculature of the airpassages of a Raven. Shown life-size upon lateral aspect, , de-tached portion of the costal process of the sternum, of the right side,and turned about. which stretches across the mesial aspects of the bronchi,upon the vibrations of which the voice of the bird THE MUSCLES OF THE AIR PASSAGES. 51 depends, must also be brought to different degrees oftension in its different parts. Striking from the list thesterno-tracheales, all the muscles we have enumeratedfor the true larynx are tensors, as it is evident theircontraction must stretch the tympanic membrane bylengthening the bronchi to which, as we have just said,it is attached. On the other hand, if the sterno-tracheales contract, they must stretch the windpipe, andthus shorten the bronchi, and relax the tympanic mem-brane. A glance at Fig. 13, where g is
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