. Protecting and enhancing America's forests and rangelands : 1986 research accomplishments. Forests and forestry United States; Rangelands United States. Regenerating Oaks Successfully To ensure that oaks will replace themselves after cutting, managers must make sure that advanced oak reproduction is already established on the forest floor at harvest time. But on sites in the southern Appalachians that are capable of producing high-quality sawlogs, large advanced reproduction of northern red oak does not develop until the stand is disturbed (such as by thinning or wildfire). Similarly, forest
. Protecting and enhancing America's forests and rangelands : 1986 research accomplishments. Forests and forestry United States; Rangelands United States. Regenerating Oaks Successfully To ensure that oaks will replace themselves after cutting, managers must make sure that advanced oak reproduction is already established on the forest floor at harvest time. But on sites in the southern Appalachians that are capable of producing high-quality sawlogs, large advanced reproduction of northern red oak does not develop until the stand is disturbed (such as by thinning or wildfire). Similarly, forest managers in the Central States often find that oak advanced reproduction is inadequate to regenerate oak stands on high- quality sites. Research conducted by the Southeastern Station on the Bent Creek Experimental Forest in North Carolina and the Chattahoochee National Forest in north Georgia over the past 10 years indicates that basal area reductions of up to kO percent in mature stands lead to better growth of established red oak seedlings, without the simultaneous development of species that can outgrow red oak after overstory removal. The basal area reduction should be done from below using herbicides, leaving the main canopy largely intact. Final harvesting of crop trees can be made 10 to 15 years after this initial treatment. The large released oak seedlings then successfully compete with seedlings of other shade-intolerant species, and the herbicide treatment leaves few stump sprouts of tolerant understory species. Researchers at the North Central Station in Columbia, MO, also advise forest managers on how to successfully regenerate northern red oak in the Central States by underplanting within stands before final harvest. The four-step prescription is to (1) create a shelterwood of medium density during harvest of the current oak stand, (2) control unwanted woody vegetation with a herbicide, (3) underplant large transplants or undercut nursery stock with clipped tops,
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