Veterinary obstetrics, including the diseases of breeding animals and of the new-born . Should the replacement of the limb prove difficult, it is ad-visable to cord the foot and have an assistant exert tractionupon it in such direction as the operator may indicate, whilehe guides and aids the directly with his hand. Aftercompleting the replacement of the foot into its normal position, Flexion of Anterior Limbs at Carpus 151 the operator should take the further precaution to see that theelbow is completely extended, before any traction is appliedto other portions of the fetus, becau
Veterinary obstetrics, including the diseases of breeding animals and of the new-born . Should the replacement of the limb prove difficult, it is ad-visable to cord the foot and have an assistant exert tractionupon it in such direction as the operator may indicate, whilehe guides and aids the directly with his hand. Aftercompleting the replacement of the foot into its normal position, Flexion of Anterior Limbs at Carpus 151 the operator should take the further precaution to see that theelbow is completely extended, before any traction is appliedto other portions of the fetus, because, until this is done, theposition remains such that expulsion cannot readily occur. 3. Flexion op the Anterior IvImbs at the Carpus. This obstacle to birth occurs chiefly in the calf and foal, and to alesser extent in the lamb and kid, but in these cases it is very rareand of less significance. In carnivora and the sow the condition isnot present, or not of moment as a cause of dystokia, because thelimbs are short and may readily fold backward and permit thehead to present Fig. 131. Flexure of the Anterior Limbs at the Carpus.(vSt. Cyr.)In such cases the metacarpus is flexed upon the radius, the ra-dius upon the humerus, and the humerus upon the scapula, sothat the entire limb is folded and the shoulders are pushed backupon the chest, thus greatly increasing the perpendicular andtransverse diameters of the fetal bod} in the region of the chest,and offering a very great obstacle to its expulsion, which isgreatly heightened by the impaction of the carpus in the pelviccanal, or in front of or beneath the pubic brim. 758 Veterinary Obstetrics Normally the fetus, until just prior to birth, lies somewhat up-on its side with all the limbs flexed along the ventral surface ofits body, the radius upon the humerus and the metacarpus uponthe radius in such a way that the very long limbs of the foaland calf occupy the least possible space in the uterus. When ex-pulsive efforts set
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