Textile calculations: being a guide to calculations relating to the construction of all kinds of yarns and fabrics . Weighted Silk is readily distinguished by means of the microscope, the accompanying 55, representing weighted silk waste as appearing when viewed with the microscope. Wool is readily distinguished from otherfibres by means of the micro-scope, being built up of an im-mense number of epithelial cells,scales or serrations as shownin the accompanying illustrationFig. 56, representing a typicalwool fibre viewed under the mi- Fig. 56. croscope. The amount of scalesfound per square inc
Textile calculations: being a guide to calculations relating to the construction of all kinds of yarns and fabrics . Weighted Silk is readily distinguished by means of the microscope, the accompanying 55, representing weighted silk waste as appearing when viewed with the microscope. Wool is readily distinguished from otherfibres by means of the micro-scope, being built up of an im-mense number of epithelial cells,scales or serrations as shownin the accompanying illustrationFig. 56, representing a typicalwool fibre viewed under the mi- Fig. 56. croscope. The amount of scalesfound per square inch varies with reference to quality—the finer grades having more,and the coarser less. If these scales can not be readily seen treat the fibres in questionwith ammoniac copper, and the scales will become distinctly visible to the eye duringthe swelling up of the fibres. Another prominent feature characteristic to wool is its. Fig. 55. 87 wave of the crimp s which again varies with reference to the different grades of wool found in the market. The more scales perinch, and the more wavy in construction the fibre, the more its feltingcapacity. Untrue Fibres (caused either by neglected or sick sheep,) now and thenfound in wool are readily ascertained by means of the microscope as seen bythe accompanying illustration, Fig. 57, representing two such fibres as termeduntrue, and which readily show that where these abnormal forms occur,there are changes in the form and size of the epithelial scales of the outerlayer as well as in the diameter of the fibre, consequently the internalstructure of the fibre must be equally affected, thus reducing the strength andelasticity of such fibres, and consequently decreasing the value and strengthof such lots of wool, as well as fabrics, in which these fibres are more or lessfrequently found. Kemp or Kempy Wool Fibres are another kind of imperfect fibres foundin wool. Kemp fibr
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjecttextile, bookyear1896
