. Science of railways . exercised in theirmanipulation, otherwise the power of the brakes iseither over or under developed. The former is con-ducive to delay, waste of fuel, overheating and crack-ing of wheels and wheel flattening; the latter to loss ofcontrol, from which arises iliQ gravest and mostserious of possibilities—that of accident. That it isimportant and desirable that these conditions shouldbe overcome, every one, w^e think, will admit; but thatit may be done, it is first necessary to know where andhow they exist. This information may be obtainedby using an air brake recording gaug
. Science of railways . exercised in theirmanipulation, otherwise the power of the brakes iseither over or under developed. The former is con-ducive to delay, waste of fuel, overheating and crack-ing of wheels and wheel flattening; the latter to loss ofcontrol, from which arises iliQ gravest and mostserious of possibilities—that of accident. That it isimportant and desirable that these conditions shouldbe overcome, every one, w^e think, will admit; but thatit may be done, it is first necessary to know where andhow they exist. This information may be obtainedby using an air brake recording gauge, an instrumentdesigned for continuously recording the pressure ofair used in the operation of air brakes. In using these recording gauges for indicatingsteam pressure the same care, as heretofore explained,should be exercised to prevent live steam from enter-ing and heating the gauge. GAUGE HAND OR POINTER PULLERS. Three styles of hand or pointer pullers are shownin Figs. 35, 36 and 37, either one of which is a very. Fig. 35. Fig. 36. Gauge Hand or PointerPullers. Hand or Pointer Pullers. handy tool for use in removing gauge hands withtfie least liability of damage to either the gauge,movement, or the hands themselves. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES 217 TESTING GAUGES. Engineers and firemen depend almost entirelyupon the steam and air gauges to know thepressure under which the locomotive in theircharge is working, and yet they are fully awarethat these gauges do many times get out of full well that the locomotive is not pullingwhat it should, they report the gauge out of the engine arrives at theterminus, the practice too fre-quently is to remove the gaugefrom the engine, take it to theshops and have it tested, that is,tried in comparisonwith an accurategauge, known to becorrect, which gaugeis called a test of such test-ing devices are shown39, 40 and 41, whichas the Crosby, Ash-croft, and Star, respectively, andwill be described her
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