. The peanut (Arachis hypogea)--its history, histology, physiology, and utility. y. By referring to theaccompanying outline map (Figure 2) which shows the reporteddistribution of these species it will be noted that A. prostrata is themost widespread, and A. pusilla the most restricted of the group. The writer asks if varieties of this plant, so generally grown insuch environment as exists in Brazil, may not be cultivated forms ofone or more Brazilian species? WALDRON—THE PEANUT 307 Of the several cultivated varieties grown today there are recog-nized two general types of plants as follows: (i)
. The peanut (Arachis hypogea)--its history, histology, physiology, and utility. y. By referring to theaccompanying outline map (Figure 2) which shows the reporteddistribution of these species it will be noted that A. prostrata is themost widespread, and A. pusilla the most restricted of the group. The writer asks if varieties of this plant, so generally grown insuch environment as exists in Brazil, may not be cultivated forms ofone or more Brazilian species? WALDRON—THE PEANUT 307 Of the several cultivated varieties grown today there are recog-nized two general types of plants as follows: (i) The bunch type,growing erect and bearing its fruit around the base of a single Spanish variety is an example. It can withstand considerablemoisture conditions and its erectness suggests a shade loving ten-dency. (2) The trailing type, with its several branches spread onthe soil, succeeds best in a hot sandy soil, indicating greater xero-phytic tendencies. The Jumbo variety is an example. Now, thewild Brazilian species A. pusilla, is an erect .plant, simulating the. Figure 2Outline Map of Brazil indicating the reported distribu-tion of the different species of A. A. prostrata. 3. A. vi/Iosa. 4. A. glabrata. 5. A. marginata. 6. A. tuberosa. bunch variety and is reported as growing in dry woods and shadyplaces. Another, A. prostrata^ is more trailing and grows in opensandy places and so, sifnulating the prostrate cultivated variety, is 308 WALDRON—THE PEANUT more xerophytic. Thus the possibility is suggested, first, that the cul-tivated bunch varieties are derived from such a species as A. pusillaand second, that the prostrate varieties are derived from A. pro evidence in support of this theory is seen in the marked differ-ence in the histology of the fruits of the two domesticated varieties.
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