Edward Forbes (1815-1854), British naturalist and pioneer of biogeography. Forbes studied the plant and animal life of the British Isles in the contex

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Edward Forbes (1815-1854), British naturalist and pioneer of biogeography. Forbes studied the plant and animal life of the British Isles in the context of geological changes. Forbes is also considered a founder of oceanographic science and marine biology. He is best known for his 'azoic theory' (1843), which stated that marine life did not exist on sea beds at depths over 300 fathoms (1800 feet). This theory would ultimately be proved wrong, but prompted many discoveries. He became palaeontologist to the British Geological Survey in 1844.

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