Ontario High School History of England . ld no longer take amoney rent but that they must pay him in labour. Whenthe villein, long accustomed to pay rent in cash, declaredthat, rather than render this kind of service, he would giveup his holding and leave the manor, the answer was thathe was not free to go away for, once a villein always avillein. It paid now to look up old documents and makesure of the exact service due by each villein. It paidalso to search the churchs records of marriages and births THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR 135 to see who had been born villeins and might be held assuch. The lo
Ontario High School History of England . ld no longer take amoney rent but that they must pay him in labour. Whenthe villein, long accustomed to pay rent in cash, declaredthat, rather than render this kind of service, he would giveup his holding and leave the manor, the answer was thathe was not free to go away for, once a villein always avillein. It paid now to look up old documents and makesure of the exact service due by each villein. It paidalso to search the churchs records of marriages and births THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR 135 to see who had been born villeins and might be held assuch. The lords went so far as to hunt out villeins by birthwho had left the manor and had perhaps prospered insome neighbouring town, and to force them either to workthemselves or to pay others to work in their place. The grievance of the poll-tax.—A new injustice fannedinto open flame the discontent of the peasants. A Parlia-ment, in which, of course, they had no voice, imposed on themin 1380, a heavy tax to raise money for the war with John Ball Pkeachinq to Armed Crowds Each township was to pay a shilling for every personwithin it more than fifteen years of age: in present-dayvalues this meant a tax of fully twenty shillings per the tax was announced, it was expected that therich men would be obliged to make up the chief part ofthe amount due from each district, and that the peasantwould get off lightly. But that was not at all to themind of the rich men. Since a shilling was due for every 136 HISTORY OP ENGLAND person, let each person, they said, pay the shilling. The pooiprotested that, though they owned nothing, they would, onthis basis, pay as much as a royal duke, like John of Gaunt,with vast estates. But the hard men, who ruled the state,cared nothing for this inequality, and the peasant was forcedto pay. If he had a wife and two or three children liableto the tax, his burden was almost intolerable. The Peasant Revolt, 1381.—Some peasants, unable to pay,lef
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