. 200 M1LE5 NORTH OF THE CONVERGENCE MILES SOUTH OF THE CONVERGENCE Fig. 20. The depth of the minimum temperature in Antarctic surface water and sub-Antarctic water, the depth of the minimum salinity of sub-Antarctic water. In the Southern Half of the Zone in the region of intense vertical mixing extend- ing about 100-150 miles north of the Antarctic convergence there are only small changes from west to east. In the Pacific Ocean in 80° W the salinity of the layer is almost uniform with depth down to about 300 or 400 m., or it decreases to a weak minimum at that depth. The temperature is usual
. 200 M1LE5 NORTH OF THE CONVERGENCE MILES SOUTH OF THE CONVERGENCE Fig. 20. The depth of the minimum temperature in Antarctic surface water and sub-Antarctic water, the depth of the minimum salinity of sub-Antarctic water. In the Southern Half of the Zone in the region of intense vertical mixing extend- ing about 100-150 miles north of the Antarctic convergence there are only small changes from west to east. In the Pacific Ocean in 80° W the salinity of the layer is almost uniform with depth down to about 300 or 400 m., or it decreases to a weak minimum at that depth. The temperature is usually uniform down to 150 m. and then decreases gradually. There is sometimes a minimum temperature at the same depth as the minimum salinity, and both are caused by the greater percentage of Antarctic surface water in the mixture of the two waters at that depth. Below the level of minimum salinity the salinity increases, and there are only small temperature changes. At a depth of 600-800 m. the temperature decreases to a minimum, and there is a stratum of comparatively uniform salinity. This is composed of water which has sunk from the cold stratum of the Ant- arctic surface layer. When the Antarctic surface water sinks below the surface, the water in the cold stratum will be least mixed with sub-Antarctic water, because it is much heavier. The warmed and diluted surface stratum of Antarctic surface water has, however, a density not so different from sub-Antarctic water, and mixes more readily
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