. Electric railway journal . -ferent lengths, corresponding to the clamps under whichthey are used. Two pads are placed between the blade andthe spectacle at right angles to the other two pads. Nutlocks made of sheet steel are also used. A portion of theclamp is raised to act as a stiffener and to keep the boltheads from turning. The nut locks, bolts and nuts aresherardized. All of these parts can be made to fit anyspectacle or metal blade. TYPE OF SOLID MANGANESE STEEL CROSSINGINSTALLED BY PACIFIC ELECTRIC Owing to its unusually heavy rolling stock, which isoperated in trains of six cars, the
. Electric railway journal . -ferent lengths, corresponding to the clamps under whichthey are used. Two pads are placed between the blade andthe spectacle at right angles to the other two pads. Nutlocks made of sheet steel are also used. A portion of theclamp is raised to act as a stiffener and to keep the boltheads from turning. The nut locks, bolts and nuts aresherardized. All of these parts can be made to fit anyspectacle or metal blade. TYPE OF SOLID MANGANESE STEEL CROSSINGINSTALLED BY PACIFIC ELECTRIC Owing to its unusually heavy rolling stock, which isoperated in trains of six cars, the Pacific Electric Railwayhas found crossing frog maintenance a serious its recent practice the company has used solid man-ganese steel crossings to obtain maximum life, but it hasalso given a great deal of attention to methods of strength-ening even this type of crossing. The chief trouble ex-perienced has been that the points of impact in the cross-ing, when constructed in the usual way, are not directly lifts* ~. Section C-C Ujqjjl -g H ^J Detail of Corner EleUric Journal Section E-E Supported Hard-Center Crossing Installed by PacificElectric Railway at Los Angeles supported from below, and, in consequence, have droppedslightly. Hence the way department of this company hasdeveloped and installed a design of manganese crossingwhich provides supports for the points of impact. Thissupport is obtained by replacing with diagonal webs thefour-sided or box-like web support in the old design. Theintersection of these diagonal webs comes directly underthe point of impact or the intersection of the gage lines ofthe running rails. The specifications call for a crossing cast of solid man-ganese steel free from shrinkage cracks and blow holes andperfect as to surface and alignment. The manufacturersfound these requirements especially hard to meet owingto excessive shrinkage in manganese steel castings. Toreplace the boxed web support with the diagonal webs pro-duced
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