China: Emperor Gongzong (2 November 1271 - May 1323), 16th ruler of the Song Dynasty and 7th ruler of the Southern Song (r. 1274-1276). Hanging scroll painting, c. 1274-1276. Emperor Gongzong, personal name Zhao Xian, was the 7th Emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was enthroned at the age of four, but was forced to abdicate less than two years later, when Grand Empress Dowager Xie brought him to the Mongol camp to surrender. He was treated fairly by Kublai Khan, who granted him the title of Duke of Ying. He was ordered to commit suicide in 1323 by the Yuan Emperor Yingzong.
Emperor Gongzong (1271- possibly 1323), born Zhao Xian, was the 7th Emperor of the Chinese Southern Song Dynasty. He reigned from 1274 until his abdication in 1276 CE when he was succeeded by his elder brother, Emperor Duanzong of Song. The Song Dynasty (960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960) and preceded the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368), which conquered the Song in 1279. Its conventional division into the Northern Song (960–1127) and Southern Song (1127–1279) periods marks the conquest of northern China by the Jin Dynasty (1115–1234) in 1127. It also distinguishes the subsequent shift of the Song's capital city from Bianjing (modern Kaifeng) in the north to Lin'an (modern Hangzhou) in the south.
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