A text-book on chemistryFor the use of schools and colleges . PKEPARATTON OF OXYGEN. 221 limited by the expense and weight of the quicksil-ver. Oxygen. 0=8. Oxygen gas is probably the most abundant of theelements. It constitutes about one third of the weightof the solid mass of the earth, eight ninths of that ofthe waters of the sea, and one fifth of the volume of theair. A simple mode of preparing oxygen is to place ina retort, a, Fig. 188, some red oxide of mercury, con- Fig. Fig. 189. necting with the retort a receiver, 5, from which therepasses a bent tube, c, dipping below the water
A text-book on chemistryFor the use of schools and colleges . PKEPARATTON OF OXYGEN. 221 limited by the expense and weight of the quicksil-ver. Oxygen. 0=8. Oxygen gas is probably the most abundant of theelements. It constitutes about one third of the weightof the solid mass of the earth, eight ninths of that ofthe waters of the sea, and one fifth of the volume of theair. A simple mode of preparing oxygen is to place ina retort, a, Fig. 188, some red oxide of mercury, con- Fig. Fig. 189. necting with the retort a receiver, 5, from which therepasses a bent tube, c, dipping below the water of a pneu-matic trough, g. On raising the temperature by a lamp,the oxide is decomposed into metallic mercury and oxy-gen gas; the former distills into the receiver, 5, and thelatter collects in the inverted jar in the trough. Thiswas the process resorted to by Priestley. It may also be readily procured by heating in a flask,a, Fig. 189, a mixture of 1 partof peroxide of manganese and 3parts of powdered chlorate of po-tassa. To the mouth of the flaska tube, 5, is adapted by means ofa tight cork, the lower end of thetube dipping beneath a jar, c, onthe pneumatic trough. On rais-ing the temperature of the flask by a spirit-lamp, oxygenis freely evolved. It is derived from the chlorate ofpotassa altogether, the peroxide of manganese merely What limits its size? In what bodies does oxygen occur? De-scribe its preparation from red oxide of mercury; from chlorate ofpotassa. KALEVI
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