. Elementary anatomy and physiology : for colleges, academies, and other schools. Anatomy; Physiology. 126 HITCHCOCK'S ANATOMY Fig, 141. which completely cover the space below the border of the ribs, and above the innomina- tum. They are arranged un- der four different names, since they run in different direc- tions as they encircle the ab- domen. By their contraction they press upon the digestive organs, and thus diminish the cavity of the abdomen, and, in proportion to the elasticity of the diaphragm, the thorax also. Hence these are the essential instruments in cough- ing, laughing, crying,
. Elementary anatomy and physiology : for colleges, academies, and other schools. Anatomy; Physiology. 126 HITCHCOCK'S ANATOMY Fig, 141. which completely cover the space below the border of the ribs, and above the innomina- tum. They are arranged un- der four different names, since they run in different direc- tions as they encircle the ab- domen. By their contraction they press upon the digestive organs, and thus diminish the cavity of the abdomen, and, in proportion to the elasticity of the diaphragm, the thorax also. Hence these are the essential instruments in cough- ing, laughing, crying, and sneezing, as well as in sing- ing, shouting, or any action requiring expulsive effort. By their elasticity they also per- form the function of expira- tion in natural breathing, as well as keep up a tonic pres- sure upon the stomach and alimentary canal. 252. Great Psoas Muscle. —The Great Psoas Muscle, known in animals as the ten- der loin (from the Greek signifying a loin), is the one which bends the thigh upon, or towards the trunk. It has its origin from the last dorsal and four upper lum- bar vertebra, and passes from thence downwards and for- wards, gliding over the edge of the innominatum, and attaches. A Lateral View of the Muscles of the Trunk, especially on the Abdomen. 1, Latissimus Dorsi. 2, Serratus Major An- ticus. 3, Upper portion of the External Oblique. 4, Two of the External Inter- costal Muscles. 5, Two of the Internal Intercostal Muscles. 6, Transversalis Ab- dominis. 7, Fascia Lumborum. 8, Poste- rior part of the Sheath of the Rectus, or Anterior Aponeurosis of the Transversalis Muscle. 9, The Eectus Abdominis cut off and in its Sheath. 10, Eectus Abdominis of the Eight Side. 11, Crural Arch. 12, Cluteus Magnus—Medius and Tensor Va- ginae Femoris covered by the Fascia Lata. Under how many heads are they arranged ? What actions do they accomplish when contracted? 252. What is the scientific name of the "tender loin?" Give its attach- ments
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