. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE KNEE-JOINT. Fig. 2. Fi§- 3- 59. Left knee-joint, front view. The prominent swelling on the left, A, is from the en- laryed head of the tibia; that on the right, B, is the soft globular swelling resulting from the effusion into the synovial membrane. per and projecting margin of the inner condyle of the tibia : it leans to the inner hamstring muscle. The rest of the popliteal space pre- sents a normal appearance. When the limb is fully extended, and the muscles are allowed to remain in a passive
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE KNEE-JOINT. Fig. 2. Fi§- 3- 59. Left knee-joint, front view. The prominent swelling on the left, A, is from the en- laryed head of the tibia; that on the right, B, is the soft globular swelling resulting from the effusion into the synovial membrane. per and projecting margin of the inner condyle of the tibia : it leans to the inner hamstring muscle. The rest of the popliteal space pre- sents a normal appearance. When the limb is fully extended, and the muscles are allowed to remain in a passive state, the patella may be moved from side to side with much freedom. It appears to float as it were on the surface of an accumulated quantity of synovial fluid. When pressed against the trochlea of the femur, this fluid is moved laterally, and the patella strikes against the femur, and if a lateral movement be now communicated to this bone, a grating of rough surfaces may be perceived. If we grasp the leg and flex it on the thigh, we find we can elicit a peculiar articular crepitus. In this case it is quite audible, and resembles much the noises which electric sparks make when dis- charged in quick succession from an electrical apparatus. When the limb is much flexed, the swelling of course feels remarkably hard and solid, but when the limb is again brought back to its ordinary state of extension, fluctua- tion may be felt very evidently in it over its whole surface. The popliteal bursa, however, is felt very tense in the extended position of the joint, as when the patient stands and throws his weight on the limb. If we feel this bursa, and then cause the patient's limb to be flexed, •we can follow the fluid, as it were, with our fingers into the articulation. As the patient lies in bed, the limb left in the extended posi-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance
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