Electrical news and engineering . within the special work layout are not steel welded at the fishplates but are each bonded with No. 0000, 7 inch U arcweld copper bonds welded to the head of the rail. In addi-tion to this complete bonding of the rail joints within thespecial work, the entire layout is shunted by a 1000,000 stranded copper conductor laid around and outside of thespecial work at the ends of the ties and crossing under alltracks four feet outside of guard rails at all points of the points of crossing the tracks, this bond, which is lo-cally called the ring bon
Electrical news and engineering . within the special work layout are not steel welded at the fishplates but are each bonded with No. 0000, 7 inch U arcweld copper bonds welded to the head of the rail. In addi-tion to this complete bonding of the rail joints within thespecial work, the entire layout is shunted by a 1000,000 stranded copper conductor laid around and outside of thespecial work at the ends of the ties and crossing under alltracks four feet outside of guard rails at all points of the points of crossing the tracks, this bond, which is lo-cally called the ring bond is attached to each rail throughtwo 72 in., copper. No. 0000, arc weld bonds having terminalsat both ends. Both ends of the 72 inch bonds are welded tothe base of the rails and the mid point of the bonds is thor-. The Lincoln welding outfit supplying 400 amps. line. It also holds the filler rod and in place By con-ducting heat from the weld, it prevents excessive heating ofthe rail and by concentrating and confining the heat at thewelding line, it assures ample crater depth. After the weld Wilson arc welding machines at work. THE ELECTRICAL NEWS oughly soldered to the ring bond. All soldered comicctionsand welds are painted. At outlying points the same system of special work bond-ing is used except that in these cases the ring bond is500,000 cm. The sketch attaclied gives a clear idea of how the specialwork bonding is laid out. The ring bond allows special work to be removed forreconstruction purposes without disturbing the return cir-cuit. Where the track return circuit has to be supplementedby special negative feeders this ring bond system makes aneasily obtained point of connection as the track foundationis not disturbed as is the case with bonds buried under thetracks. The copper arc
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