. Effective farming; a text-book for American schools. Agriculture. Plant Study 21 seeds are placed in moist sand in the fall or winter to soften them and in the spring they are taken up and planted about an inch deep in rich soil. The ground is thoroughly cultivated during the growing season and in the fall after frost the seed- lings are dug up and stored in green sawdust in a cool cellar. Early in November cions are cut from trees of the variety de- sired to propagate. These should be about six inches long and of the previous season's growth. The cions are packed in saw- dust in the cellar
. Effective farming; a text-book for American schools. Agriculture. Plant Study 21 seeds are placed in moist sand in the fall or winter to soften them and in the spring they are taken up and planted about an inch deep in rich soil. The ground is thoroughly cultivated during the growing season and in the fall after frost the seed- lings are dug up and stored in green sawdust in a cool cellar. Early in November cions are cut from trees of the variety de- sired to propagate. These should be about six inches long and of the previous season's growth. The cions are packed in saw- dust in the cellar and whip-graftecl on pieces of seedling root in January or February. In the most usual method followed, the roots of the seedlings are cut into pieces three or four inches long and each piece used as a stock. When making the union of stock and cion, a slant- ing cut is made on the upper end of a piece of root and a similar cut on the base of a cion. Both the root and the cion are split about an inch down, as shown in Fig. 7, a and b, and the two are fitted together, as shown in c. The two must fit snugly and the cambium layers must be in contact, on one side at least. The graft is then wrapped with waxed cotton (see page 28) to hold the two parts firmly together. The finished grafts are packed in saw- dust in the cellar until spring and, as soon as the soil has warmed up, they are planted in the nursery or garden. One bud only is left above the surface of the ground. The ground is culti- vated during the summer and by fall the grafts should be large enough to be set in the soil where they are to stand permanently. However, if not needed for immediate planting, they may be grown in the nursery for another year. A better practice is to use whole roots rather than pieces of roots for stocks. Grafting is often employed for top-working apple trees when it is desired to change the variety or have more than one variety on a tree. The cions are set into the branches of the Fig.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectagriculture, bookyear
