. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. jTL*P*^f«-ru Contribution from the Forest Service WILLIAM B. GREELEY, Forester. Washington, D. C. January 17, 1921 UTILIZATION OF BLACK WALNUT. By Warren D. Brush, Scientific Assistant. Introduction Properties of the wood Insect and fungus attack- Supply Demand Utilization by industries-_ Lumber Veneer Ties Posts Furniture CONTENTS. Page. Utilization by industries—Continued. Page. 1 Musical instruments _ _ 60 2 Planing-mill products 67 6 Sewing- machines 68 7 Firearms 68 21 74 22 War-time utilization 76 22 Summary of g
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. jTL*P*^f«-ru Contribution from the Forest Service WILLIAM B. GREELEY, Forester. Washington, D. C. January 17, 1921 UTILIZATION OF BLACK WALNUT. By Warren D. Brush, Scientific Assistant. Introduction Properties of the wood Insect and fungus attack- Supply Demand Utilization by industries-_ Lumber Veneer Ties Posts Furniture CONTENTS. Page. Utilization by industries—Continued. Page. 1 Musical instruments _ _ 60 2 Planing-mill products 67 6 Sewing- machines 68 7 Firearms 68 21 74 22 War-time utilization 76 22 Summary of general market condi- 44 tions 79 58 Marketing walnut timber 80 59 Summary and conclusions 85 61 Appendix : Detailed list of uses 88 The use of American black-walnut timber for various products began in early colonial times. Probably its first extensive use was for fence rails, for which it was chosen because it was easy to split and resisted decajT. Much of it was cut for fuel. Large quantities of black walnut, which prefers rich agricultural land, were wasted in clearing for cultivation. In the eighteenth century it was a favor- ite wood for furniture, and was one of the two native woods (wild cherry being the other) best adapted for fine cabinetwork. It was also highly valued for gunstocks, The excellent stands in the fertile valleys of eastern Pennsylvania, which furnished wood of a rich dark color that was well liked, were the main source of supplies. During the first half of the nineteenth century there was a gradual increase in the use of walnut, which was manufactured mainly into furniture in eastern factories. In this period the region of the Ohio Elver basin became the chief source of supply. From 1860 to 1880 the demand for walnut grew tremendously, because of its use for rifle stocks during the Civil War, and also be- cause of its popularity for making furniture. The maximum wal- nut production was reached about 1875, when it is estimated that the 7434°—20. Ple
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