. On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. 402 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 326. altijjenuis, Lactttrius delicatulus). Corvina trispinosa, fig. 326;, lias two slender caical processes from each side of its air-bladder; the Bearded Umbrina has three such processes; the allied ' Maigre' and other species of Sciasna, with most of the CorvincB, have very numerous lateral pneumatic cajca, which, as in Johnius lohatus, fig. 327, are more or less ramified.' In some species of Cheilonemus and Gadus blind processes are continued from both the sides and ends of the air-bladder
. On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. 402 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 326. altijjenuis, Lactttrius delicatulus). Corvina trispinosa, fig. 326;, lias two slender caical processes from each side of its air-bladder; the Bearded Umbrina has three such processes; the allied ' Maigre' and other species of Sciasna, with most of the CorvincB, have very numerous lateral pneumatic cajca, which, as in Johnius lohatus, fig. 327, are more or less ramified.' In some species of Cheilonemus and Gadus blind processes are continued from both the sides and ends of the air-bladder (see the anterior ones in Gadus callarias, fig. 321, A, p). In Gadus Navavarja. the lateral productions expand, and line corresponding expansions or excavations of the abdominal parapophyses, thus foreshadow- ing the pneumatic bones of birds. In Kvrtus the air-bladder is encircled by expanded ribs, curvi)ig and meeting below it.' The proper walls of the air-bladder of ordi- nary Osseous Fishes consist of a shining silvery fibrous tunic, the fibres being arranged for the most part trans-\'erscly or circularly, and in two layers fig. 229, q r; they arc contractile and elastic; but the walls of the anterior compartment of the air-bladder of Cyprinoids, ib. p, are much more elastic than those of the posterior one. The air-lJadder is lined by a delicate mucous membrane, with a ' plaster epithelium ;' it is more or less co\cred by the peritoneum. Its cavity is commonly sim])le; in the iSheat-fish it is divided by a vertical longitudinal septum along three-fourths of its posterior ' The lateral compart- ments arc subdivided by transverse septa in mtuiy other Siluroids (e. g. genus Barp-Ks): the large air-bladder of some species of En/fhrimis (c. g. E. salvus, E. twniaf/is) is partially subdi- vided into smaller cells. Tiie cellular subdivi- sion is such in the air-bladder of the Amia, that Cuvicr compared it to the lung of a reptile' ; My GiiiitlH-r (, vol. ii. p. ni:Miii
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Keywords: ., bookauthorowenrichard18041892, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860
