Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic . first instance was the Bingham house in Philadelphia (figure 170), before 1788,modelled on Manchester House in London (figure 171) and having a Palladianwindow in the second story, a semicircular window in the third. An early manu-script design by Bulfinch (figure 172) shows a similar treatment which was em-bodied in the Harrison Gray Otis house on Cambridge Street in 1795, and in ahouse at the corner of Summer and Arch Streets, as well as in the Pickman (Shreve- 208 HOUSES OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC Little) house, Sal
Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic . first instance was the Bingham house in Philadelphia (figure 170), before 1788,modelled on Manchester House in London (figure 171) and having a Palladianwindow in the second story, a semicircular window in the third. An early manu-script design by Bulfinch (figure 172) shows a similar treatment which was em-bodied in the Harrison Gray Otis house on Cambridge Street in 1795, and in ahouse at the corner of Summer and Arch Streets, as well as in the Pickman (Shreve- 208 HOUSES OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC Little) house, Salem, in 1819. An analogous Southern example, later, is the Russellhouse in Charleston. Examples of such a treatment in two-story houses, or inthe two lower stories of three, are common after 1800. In the Orlando Fairfaxhouse at Alexandria, based on a plate in The Builders Magazine (1774),1 the cen-tral windows of the two upper stories are embraced in a single tall blind arch ris-ing through both. Many of the individual elements of the facades underwent significant trans-. From a photograph by Frank Cousins Figure 169. John Gardner (Pingree) house, Salem. Samuel Mclntire, 1805 formations. Windows, doorways, and cornices all had characteristic differencesfrom the Colonial forms, and in some respects continued in rapid evolution. Windows in the Colonial period had been almost universally single and square-headed, the only exceptions, aside from the early segmental ones, being the archedstair-windows and the Palladian motives, which were confined to an axial contrast with this the houses of the early republic frequently had arched win-dows, windows of semicircular, circular, and even elliptical form, and triplegroupings of many sorts, used in the side rooms as well as in the centre, 1 Plate 117. 209 AMERICAN DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE Ranges of arched windows, oblong with semicircular heads, appear in 1788 atthe Woodlands, on the river front, and soon after in the Presidents
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectarchite, bookyear1922
