. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 154 THE PLUM CUECULIO. Evarthrus orhatus Ne-wonan, and E. ohsoletus Le Conte. The first mentioned {H. pennsylvamcus) was noted to be especially abundant, " absolutely swarming in all di- rections underground," and was thought to be the parent of the larva earlier alluded to. Walsh thus records 6 different species of insects, 2 of which fed upon the curculio, while the remaining 4 were strongly suspected of so doing. An additional species (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus) (fig. 33) in the larval stage was
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 154 THE PLUM CUECULIO. Evarthrus orhatus Ne-wonan, and E. ohsoletus Le Conte. The first mentioned {H. pennsylvamcus) was noted to be especially abundant, " absolutely swarming in all di- rections underground," and was thought to be the parent of the larva earlier alluded to. Walsh thus records 6 different species of insects, 2 of which fed upon the curculio, while the remaining 4 were strongly suspected of so doing. An additional species (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus) (fig. 33) in the larval stage was found in curculio-injured peaches, and actually observed to feed upon the curculio grub by Mr. Swing, who forwarded the specimens to Fig. Z?i.— Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus. The larva of t'ais beetle is recorded as a very effective enemy of the plum curculio. (After Riley.) FOWLS AND BIRDS AS CURCULIO DESTROYERS. The value of chickens and other fowls in checking the curculio has been alluded to by several waiters, notably the older ones. There is practically no defuiite observation, however, to show to w^hat extent fowls feed upon these insects. Without doubt, in orchards fre- quented by chickens many of the beetles and possibly the larvae as they are leaving the fruit are found and eaten, but the good influence of fowls in this w^ay is at most small, and confined prin- cipally to the vicinity of the house. On the importance of birds as curculio destroyers, there are but few data. Dr. Isaac Trimble was probably first to record that the Baltimore oriole will feed upon this insect, which fact has been con- firmed by subsequent observations. The Bureau of Biological Survey of the United States Department of Agriculture has found plum curculio beetles in the stomachs of 7 species of birds, namely: Baltimore oriole {Icterus galbula), Windsor, Ont.; orchard oriole {Icterus spurius), Atlanticville, N. Y., Chester County, Pa., Marshall Hall, Md.; rose-breasted grosbeak {Zame
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