The National geographic magazine . ly near the surface of greatheat in the rocks. The northern islands of the necklace,like Saba and St Eustatius, are simplervolcanic piles with dominating cratercones, but the center of the chain con-sists of five larger islands—Guadeloupe,Dominica, Martinique, St Lucia, and StVincent—each of which is a complicatedmass of ancient combined constructionaland destructional forms, accompanied• by a few volcanic vents, whose peaksattain their greatest height in MountDiablotin in Dominica. The Island of St Eustatius, 2,000 feetin altitude, is a typical crater form a
The National geographic magazine . ly near the surface of greatheat in the rocks. The northern islands of the necklace,like Saba and St Eustatius, are simplervolcanic piles with dominating cratercones, but the center of the chain con-sists of five larger islands—Guadeloupe,Dominica, Martinique, St Lucia, and StVincent—each of which is a complicatedmass of ancient combined constructionaland destructional forms, accompanied• by a few volcanic vents, whose peaksattain their greatest height in MountDiablotin in Dominica. The Island of St Eustatius, 2,000 feetin altitude, is a typical crater form andis surrounded by a depression called thePunch Bowl. St Kitts is dominated by Mount Mis-ery, with a summit crater 1,000 feetdeep which is a lake in the rainy of fissures in the flank of themountain continue to emit solfataric sul-phurous gas. Montserrat has two cul-minating peaks. One of these is a conecalled La Soufriere, from which hotvapors still erupt. Volcanic Disturbances in West Indies 231 M-aoouba P+. Sketch Map of Martinique THE VOLCANOES OF GUADELOUPE The western Island of Guadeloupehas four lofty igneous cones—Grosse-Montagne (2,370 feet) in the northwest,whence radiate various ridges nearly atthe same elevation ; the Deux Mamelles(2,540), with La Soufriere (4,900) far-ther south, and toward the southernextremity the Caraibe (2,300), withHouelmont (1,800). These variousmasses merge in an irregular sinuousrange, whose watershed has been inces-santly modified by the erosive action ofthe tropical rains. Solfataric igneous energy is still activein Guadeloupe at one or two points, suchas Bouillante, at the foot of the Mamelleson the Caribbean Sea, where little cra-ters in the sands emit hot vapors andwarm waters bubble up in the sea ; evenin the sea gas bubbles rising from themarine bed are often seen bursting onthe surface. The supreme crest of La Soufriere stands in the center of aplain which was probably a craterand which still discharges sulph
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectgeography, bookyear18
