. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. 632 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS. Fig. 386. Pansy Violet (Fio/a tricolor). Possesses emetic quali- ties. (After Fitch.) Fig. petals. 356a. 1-2, Yellow violet (Viola pubescens). 2, Spurrf 3-4, Pansy, c, Caylx. p, i?istil. a. Another spur. derived from Hybanthus Ipecacuanha. The sweet pulp of the fruit of the Leonia glycycarpa of Peru is eaten by the natives; the fruit being about the size of a peach. We shall describe only a single spec
. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. 632 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS. Fig. 386. Pansy Violet (Fio/a tricolor). Possesses emetic quali- ties. (After Fitch.) Fig. petals. 356a. 1-2, Yellow violet (Viola pubescens). 2, Spurrf 3-4, Pansy, c, Caylx. p, i?istil. a. Another spur. derived from Hybanthus Ipecacuanha. The sweet pulp of the fruit of the Leonia glycycarpa of Peru is eaten by the natives; the fruit being about the size of a peach. We shall describe only a single species characteristic of the order, viz., the common pansy, which is a common weed in the South. Viola L,. Acaulescent or leafy-stemmed herbs; annual or perennial; flowers solitary or rarely 2, smaller than the cultivated pansy; sepals 5; petals S; unequal, the lower spreading at the base; stamens 5; anthers erect, united; in many of the species early blossoms are conspicuous, the later being cleistogamous. Viola tricolor h- Heart's-ease. Plant usually smooth; stem angled, branched; leaves roundish, or the lower oval, often heart-shaped; petals variable in color or variegated, yellow, whitish, violet-blue, and purple. Distribution. Common in dry or sandy soil from New England to Kansas, especially southward. Also common on the Pacific Coast. Poisonous properties. The substance violin, an acrid, bitter principle, has been extracted from the above species, and also is found in some of our native varieties. It is a pale yellow, bitter powder. The substance violaquercitrin C^jH^jOg^, is a coloring matter which is found in the pansy. The emetic ef- fect of violets is well known and is supposed to be due to the presence of violin. Dr. Millspaugh states: The most characteristic symptom of its action is an offensive odor of the urine, like that of the cat. The pains caused by this drug are of a stitching character, while its action seems spent almost entirely upon the skin, and the male s
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