Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology . elementarytextbo00kell Year: [c1915] 184 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY or drones, and many infertile females, or workers. A small nest is made in the spring out of chewed old wood mixed with saliva so as to form 'wasp-paper,' by a queen that has mated in the autumn before and passed the winter solitarily in hiding. In this little 'queen nest' she lays a few eggs, brings food to the hatching larvae until they change to pupae in their cells, and then awaits their issuance. They issue as workers, and immediately enlarge the nest, making
Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology . elementarytextbo00kell Year: [c1915] 184 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY or drones, and many infertile females, or workers. A small nest is made in the spring out of chewed old wood mixed with saliva so as to form 'wasp-paper,' by a queen that has mated in the autumn before and passed the winter solitarily in hiding. In this little 'queen nest' she lays a few eggs, brings food to the hatching larvae until they change to pupae in their cells, and then awaits their issuance. They issue as workers, and immediately enlarge the nest, making more paper combs and cells, in which the queen lays more eggs. The workers bring food, which is killed and masticated insects, and care for the young, which develop into more workers. Thus the com- munity, or really family, grows through the summer, till it may contain many hun- dred individuals. In the late summer males and fertile fe- males are produced, and then FIG. 87.—Two workers of the wjth the oncoming of winter yellow-jacket, Vespa sp. (From ,1 , i i i life; natural size.) the workers and males and many of the females die, leav- ing a few mated females to pass the winter and begin new colonies in the spring. Thus the social wasp communities break down and are rebuilt annually. Bees.—This is also the case with the communities of bumble bees, which are the simplest kind of social bees. There are among the bees solitary kinds also, with the same general manner of life of the solitary wasps, except that the food col- lected and stored for the young is never killed or paralyzed insects but always flower nectar and pollen mixed. This is also the kind of food brought by the bumble-bees for their larvae. Among the bees there is however another and more special- ized type of social kind. This type is represented in America by a single species, the honey-bee or hive-bee, Apis mellifica, which is not a native insect but one introduced long ago from Europe. With this bee the c
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