. Last words on evolution; a popular retrospect and summary. pomor-phaare reduced tp a common size, in order to show betterthe relative proportions of the various parts. The humanskeleton is gVtli natural size, the gorilla j^gth, the chipanzeeAth, the orang -ilth, the gibbon ^th. Young specimens ofthe chimpanzee and orang have been selected, because theyapproach nearer to man than the adult. No one of theliving anthropoid apes is nearest to man in all respects;this cannot be said of either of the African (gorilla andchimpanzee) or the Asiatic (orang and gibbon). Thisanatomic fact is explained
. Last words on evolution; a popular retrospect and summary. pomor-phaare reduced tp a common size, in order to show betterthe relative proportions of the various parts. The humanskeleton is gVtli natural size, the gorilla j^gth, the chipanzeeAth, the orang -ilth, the gibbon ^th. Young specimens ofthe chimpanzee and orang have been selected, because theyapproach nearer to man than the adult. No one of theliving anthropoid apes is nearest to man in all respects;this cannot be said of either of the African (gorilla andchimpanzee) or the Asiatic (orang and gibbon). Thisanatomic fact is explained phylogeneticallv on the groundthat none of them are direct ancestors of man ; they repre-sent divergent branches of the stem, of which man is thecrown. However, the small gibbon is nearest related tothe hypothetical common ancestor of all the anthropomor-pha to which we give the name of Prothylobates. Furtherinformation will be found in my Last Link and Evolution ofMan (chap, xxiii.). 70 ERNST HAECKEL : LAST WORDS ON EVOLUTION. Plate IL < OO a:< o WW. a JO >.2 o n CO a CO o<O u N 2oO o a o z< CHAPTER 11. THE STRUGGLE OVER OUR GENEALOGI-CAL TREE. OUR APE-RELATIVES AND THE VERTEBRATE-STEM. IN the previous chapter I tried to give youa general idea of the present state of thecontroversy in regard to evolution. Com-paring the various branches of thought wefound that the older mythological ideas ofthe creation of the world were driven longago out of the province of inorganic science,but that they did not yield to the rationalconception of natural development until amuch later date in the field of organic the idea of evolution did not provecompletely victorious until the beginning ofthe twentieth century, when its most zealousand dangerous opponent, the Church, wasforced to admit it. Hence, the open acknowl-edgment of the Jesuit, Father Wasmann,deserves careful attention, and we may look 71 Xast XKIlor&0 on Bvolutton* forward to a further development. If
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