Insect enemies of the pine in the Black Hills forest reserve : an account of results of special investigations, with recommendations for preventing losses . twoabove and two belowthe entrance. Themode of developmentof the young stages isthe same as in the pre-ceding species. (SeePL V.) This is a commonenemy of the rock pine(Pinus ponder osa sco-2?ulorum) throughoutthe Rocky Mountainregion and of P. pon-der osa west of themountains. It is everready to attack andprevent the recoveryof trees of all sizeswhich are sufferingfrom weakened vital-ity. It is also at-tracted to recentlyfelled trees, and
Insect enemies of the pine in the Black Hills forest reserve : an account of results of special investigations, with recommendations for preventing losses . twoabove and two belowthe entrance. Themode of developmentof the young stages isthe same as in the pre-ceding species. (SeePL V.) This is a commonenemy of the rock pine(Pinus ponder osa sco-2?ulorum) throughoutthe Rocky Mountainregion and of P. pon-der osa west of themountains. It is everready to attack andprevent the recoveryof trees of all sizeswhich are sufferingfrom weakened vital-ity. It is also at-tracted to recentlyfelled trees, and breedsin enormous numbersin the bark on the tops and branches. The species was found to beexceedingly common in trees infested by the pine destroyer and on thelogs and tops of those felled by the lumbermen. The coarse-writing bark-beetle (Tomicus calUgraphus Germ. var. occi-<len talis).âThis is much larger than the Oregon Tomicus, but is of thesame color and general form. Individuals vary in length from mm. This species also follows closely the first attack by thepine destrover. It enters the bark from near the base to toward the. Fig. 3.âWork of the Oregon Tomicus. Primary galleries engravedin surface of wood. Central chamber not extending into woodexcept at a. Reduced about one-half (original). 12 top of the tree, and excavates three or four long longitudinal galleriesfrom a single entrance and broad central chamber (PI. II). The cen-tral chambers and galleries are usually grooved in the surface of thewood, but can be readily distinguished from those made by the OregonTomicus. It is a common and widel}T distributed species over thegreater part of the pine-producing areas of the United States fromthe Atlantic coast to and including the Rocky Mountain Itattacks all of the Eastern and Southern pines, and doubtless severalof the Western pines in addition to the rock pine, in which it was found in large numbersin the Black Hills wood - engr
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