. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history; Sciences naturelles. 210 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 119. N NE SE SW W NW Figure 1. Percent of time the prevailing wind blew from the indicated directions and percent of Lapland Longspur nests with an orientation in the indicated direction at Wapusk National Park, Cape Churchill, Manitoba, 2003. The inner dimensions of Lapland Longspur nests were mm ± mm (n = 11) wide and mm ± mm (n = 6) deep. Nests averaged cm ± cm above the base of their structures, which was approx- imately midway (mean = ± ) up th
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history; Sciences naturelles. 210 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 119. N NE SE SW W NW Figure 1. Percent of time the prevailing wind blew from the indicated directions and percent of Lapland Longspur nests with an orientation in the indicated direction at Wapusk National Park, Cape Churchill, Manitoba, 2003. The inner dimensions of Lapland Longspur nests were mm ± mm (n = 11) wide and mm ± mm (n = 6) deep. Nests averaged cm ± cm above the base of their structures, which was approx- imately midway (mean = ± ) up the nest structure (, pressure ridge). The slope at nests ( ± ) appeared to be greater than random ( ± ) (difference of means = ±; 95% CI = % to %). Orientation of longspur nests was not random (z = , P < ; Ray- leigh's test for uniformity); longspur nests had a dis- tinctive southwest orientation (mean = 208° ± 39°; 95% CI of 193° to 223°). Forty-eight percent of nests had a southwest orientation, and 33% had a southerly ori- entation (Figure 1). Winds were primarily from the north (28%), then west (19%), south (16%) and east (13%) (Figure 1). Vegetation at the microhabitat scale of the nest (400 cm2) consisted primarily of willow (primarily Salix arctophila; ), graminoids (primarily Carex aquatilis; ), moss (), litter (), Lap- land Rosebay {Rhododendron lapponicum; ), Dwarf Birch (Betula glandulosa; ), and Bog Rosemary (Andromeda polifolia L.; ). Species occurring at lower frequency included Bearberry (Arctostaphylos spp.; ) Black Crowberry (Em- petrum nigrum; ), Dry-ground Cranberry (Vac- cinium vitis-idaea; ), Dwarf Labrador Tea (Ledum decumbens; ), White Mountain-avens (Dryas inte- grifolia; ), and Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus; ). Based on 95% , it appears Lapland Long- spurs selected nest sites that had a comparatively greater amount of willow
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