Gaspard Monge, French Mathematician
Gaspard Monge, Comte de PÌ©luse (May 9, 1746 - July 28, 1818) was a French mathematician and the inventor of descriptive geometry. While still a student he was made a teacher of physics at the age of 17. After a year at the Ìäcole Royale he was asked to produce a plan for a fortification in such a way as to optimize its defensive arrangement. There was an established method for doing this, but he devised a way of solving the problems by using drawings. The value of the work was recognized, and his exceptional abilities were recognized. The French Revolution completely changed the course of his career. He took a very active part in the measures for the establishment of the Ecole Normale (which existed only during the first four months of the year 1795), and of the school for public works, afterwards the Ìäcole Polytechnique, and was at each of them professor for descriptive geometry. He became friendly with of Napoleon was appointed as the Director of the Ìäcole Polytechnique. He joined Napoleon's expedition to Egypt, taking part with Berthollet and in the scientific work of the Institut d'Ìägypte and Egyptian Institute of Sciences and Arts. They accompanied Bonaparte to Syria, and returned with him in 1798 to France. Monge was appointed president of the Egyptian commission, and he resumed his connection with the Ìäcole Polytechnique. With the fall of Napoleon he had all of his honors taken away. He died in 1818 at the age of 72. His remains was later transferred to the PanthÌ©on in Paris. His is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.
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