. A text-book of comparative physiology [microform] : for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine. Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology; Physiologie comparée; Physiologie vétérinaire. Fias. 486 and 467 ehow that when the wingB^ are elevated («,f, ff) the body M\» M, mdthrt when the winp. are depre*ef(A, i,j) the^body 6 e'e'JteJW-J^Kv^! ihowi that the wlnm ii?e elevated a» »hort levcre («) nntU toward the temlnatlM of me np^troke. wben they are gradually expanded (/. ^ to PWI*⢠*em for making fee dowi-rttoke. tig. 46? fhowa that the wlnge dewrad as lon


. A text-book of comparative physiology [microform] : for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine. Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology; Physiologie comparée; Physiologie vétérinaire. Fias. 486 and 467 ehow that when the wingB^ are elevated («,f, ff) the body M\» M, mdthrt when the winp. are depre*ef(A, i,j) the^body 6 e'e'JteJW-J^Kv^! ihowi that the wlnm ii?e elevated a» »hort levcre («) nntU toward the temlnatlM of me np^troke. wben they are gradually expanded (/. ^ to PWI*⢠*em for making fee dowi-rttoke. tig. 46? fhowa that the wlnge dewrad as long'evwa (Mantil toward the termination of the down-stroke, when they are sradnally folded or flexed a,J) to rob them of. their momentom and prepare them for mrt- IM the ip!iSAe.(tComp«e with Ftp. 4M and 488.) jBy thik mean, the iJrbe- nSuiUiewlnm iBy)gfmm\yteimASuiag thedown-rtroke. while ttat above It "â avoided during the np^rtroke. The concavo-convex fonn of the w1n«» «« the forward toavel^ the body contributea to this reenlt. The wingsJt yM\ be ob- iS^Sdact M a Mrachute Wh during the up and down atrokea. Wg. 487 ihiwa SitKe^A^IdK»tation of the wTng. how It rotttej "PO" «i" ⢠e««f⢠"â¢Â»â¢Â» a radlua m, 6%, and upon a. c, 6 as a center, with a radius *, / (Pettigrew). period of the cycle off the ground at the same time, owing to a very enei^tic action of the foot acting as a fulcrum. Jumping implies the propulsion of the body by the impulse given by both feet at the same moment. Hopping is the same act accomplished by the use of one OompKntiv*.âTbe movements of quadrupeds are naturally very complicated, but have now been well worked out by the use of instantaneous photography. Even the bird's flight is no longw a wholly unsolved problem, but is fairly well under^ stood. The movements of centipedes and and other many- legged mvertebratee are highly complicated, while their rapid movements are


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