. A smaller history of Greece, from the earliest times to the Roman conquest. ing theanimal as it struggled to escape, discovered an opening in the rock,and on the next day was at Ira to the surprise alike of friends andfoes. But his single prowess was not sufficient to avert the ruin ofhis country. One night the Spartans surprised Ira, while Aristo-menes was disabled by a wound; but he collected the bravest ofhis followers, and forced his way through the enemy. Many of theMessenians went to Ehegium, in Italy, under the sons of Aristo-menes, but the hero himself finished his days in Ehodes. Th
. A smaller history of Greece, from the earliest times to the Roman conquest. ing theanimal as it struggled to escape, discovered an opening in the rock,and on the next day was at Ira to the surprise alike of friends andfoes. But his single prowess was not sufficient to avert the ruin ofhis country. One night the Spartans surprised Ira, while Aristo-menes was disabled by a wound; but he collected the bravest ofhis followers, and forced his way through the enemy. Many of theMessenians went to Ehegium, in Italy, under the sons of Aristo-menes, but the hero himself finished his days in Ehodes. The second Messenian war was terminated by the completesubjugation of the Messenians, who again became the serfs of theirconquerors. In this condition they remained till the restoration oftheir independence by Epaminondas, in the year 369 Duringthe whole of the intervening period the Messenians disappear fromhistory. The country called Messenia in the map became a portionof Laconia, which thus extended across the south of Peloponnesusfrom the eastern to the western Ancient Bridge in Laconia. Athena (Minerva), the national deity of the Athenians CHAPTER V. EARLY HISTORY OF ATHENS, DOWN TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OFDEMOCRACY BY CLISTHENES, 510. Sparta was the only state in Greece which continued to retain thekingly form of government during the brilliant period of Grecianhistory. In all other parts of Greece royalty had been abolishedat an early age, and various forms of republican government estab-lished in its stead. The abolition of royalty was first followed byan Oligarchy, or the government of the Few. Democracy, or thegovernment of the Many, was of later growth. It was not from thepeople that the oligarchies received their first and greatest blow. 2S HISTORY OF GREECE. Chap. V. They were generally overthrown by the usurpers, to whom theGreeks gave the name of Tyrants* The rise of the Tyrants seems to have taken place about thesame time in a large number of the Greek
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