. A. B. C. in butter making;. Butter. 28 milk by swinging it in test tubes. In 1864 Mr. A. Prandtl, of Munich, experimented with hanging cylindrical buckets with milk on a revolving spindle. In 1870, Rev. H. T. Bond, of Massachusetts, had two glass jars fixed on a spindle, revolving only 200 times per minute. In 1873 Mr. Jensen, of Denmark, had two pails revolving 400 times a minute. In 1872 Prof Moser showed a model in Wien, and in 1874, Lefeldt, of Braunschweig, showed the first large separator. It consisted of a drum provided with a partial cover and four vertical parti- tions. It was encas
. A. B. C. in butter making;. Butter. 28 milk by swinging it in test tubes. In 1864 Mr. A. Prandtl, of Munich, experimented with hanging cylindrical buckets with milk on a revolving spindle. In 1870, Rev. H. T. Bond, of Massachusetts, had two glass jars fixed on a spindle, revolving only 200 times per minute. In 1873 Mr. Jensen, of Denmark, had two pails revolving 400 times a minute. In 1872 Prof Moser showed a model in Wien, and in 1874, Lefeldt, of Braunschweig, showed the first large separator. It consisted of a drum provided with a partial cover and four vertical parti- tions. It was encased in a heavy mantle. The drum revolving 800 times a minute would keep the milk (220 lbs.) in a vertical position. It took 5 or 10 minutes to get up full speed, 20 to 30 minutes to separate and 25 to 30 minutes to come to a standstill again. When the milk had resumed its horizontal position, the cream floated in a heavy layer on top. The milk was removed with a siphon and the cream drawn through a valve in the bottom of the drum, which was refilled and the operation repeated. In 1878 the writer learnt to operate this at the Kiel City creamery, with the view of using it where ice could not be obtained and found the efficiency in skimming depended on the temperature, the speed and the time run. It did not take long to improve on this crude process and the first move was to arrange for crowding out the cream when separated (as shown in Fig. 13), to the right; to the left the drum is shown at rest. This allowed the stopping of the drum by a brake, and thus short- ened the opera- i&^&! tion. But, Mr. [Fig-131 Lefeldt continued until in 1883 he had a machine receiving the milk and discharg- ing the skim milk and cream continuously. Meanwhile other inventors did not remain idle, and as early as 1878 and 1879, the "Danish Weston" (so-called here) in Denmark and the DeLaval separators in Sweden were put on the market. The first had a plate just below the cover, with op
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectbutter, bookyear1889
