Chemistry : general, medical, and pharmaceutical including the chemistry of the ; a manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy . instru-ment usually of glass, having a graduated stem and a bulb or bulbsat the lower part. The specific gravity of a liquid is indicated bythe depth to which the hydrometer sinks in the liquid, the zero ofthe scale marking the depth to which it sinks in pure water. Hydro-meters constructed for special purposes are known under the namesof saccharometer, galactometer, ekeometer, urinometer, alcohol
Chemistry : general, medical, and pharmaceutical including the chemistry of the ; a manual on the general principles of the science, and their applications in medicine and pharmacy . instru-ment usually of glass, having a graduated stem and a bulb or bulbsat the lower part. The specific gravity of a liquid is indicated bythe depth to which the hydrometer sinks in the liquid, the zero ofthe scale marking the depth to which it sinks in pure water. Hydro-meters constructed for special purposes are known under the namesof saccharometer, galactometer, ekeometer, urinometer, alcoholo-meter. Hydrometers require a considerable quantity of liquid tofairly float them, and specific gravities observed with them are lessdelicate and trustworthy than those obtained by the balance, never-theless they are exceedingly useful for many practical purposes wherethe employment of a delicate balance would be inadmissible. Specific Gravity of Solids in Mass. Weigh a piece (50 to 250 grains) of any solid substanceheavier than water in the usual manner. Then weigh it inwater, by suspending it from a shortened balance pan by a finethread or hair and immersing in a vessel of water (Fig. 70).. Weighing a Solid in Water. The buoyant properties of the water will cause the solid toapparently lose weight ; this loss in iveight is the exact weightof an equal bulk of water. The weight of the substance andthe weight of an equal bulk of water being thus ascertained, arule-of-three sum shows the proportional weight of the substance 45* 534 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS. to of water. To express the same thing by rule, dividethe weight in air by the loss of weight in water, the resultingnumber is the specific gravity in relation to 1 part of water, theconventional standard of comparison. Verify some of the following specific gravities : — Aluminium Antimony Bismuth Coins, English, gold ct silver ,. bronze Copper Gold Iron Lead Magnesiu
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