. Animal castration, a book for the use of students and practitioners; . veral years. The younger thebetter. Most calves are submitted to the operation at about twoto three months old. Season—Early spring, late fall and winter. The bull or calfshould never be submitted to castration operation during flytime. Bovine animals do not possess the same instinct in pro-tecting themselves from flies—by warding them off with tail—as does the equine species. On this account late spring, early fall;i!id summer are unfavorable seasons for castrating this class ofanimals. Bulls are castrated in both the st


. Animal castration, a book for the use of students and practitioners; . veral years. The younger thebetter. Most calves are submitted to the operation at about twoto three months old. Season—Early spring, late fall and winter. The bull or calfshould never be submitted to castration operation during flytime. Bovine animals do not possess the same instinct in pro-tecting themselves from flies—by warding them off with tail—as does the equine species. On this account late spring, early fall;i!id summer are unfavorable seasons for castrating this class ofanimals. Bulls are castrated in both the standing and recumbentposture. Preparation—No special preparal ion is necessary unless the ani-mal is to be cast and tied, in which event have the alimentarytract empty by withholding feed tor 24 hours before operating. CASTRATION OF THE BULL IX Till, RECUMBENT POSTURE. Restraint—When it becomes necessary to cast and tie the ani-mal For this operation an excellent method of doing so is withthe Conkey self-lock buckle hobbles. (Eig. 64.) Animal Castration 93 Fig. 64—Conkeys Self Lock Buckle Hobbles Applied. These hobbles have the advantage of being strong, safe, quickto apply and easy to remove. The degree of restraint afforded bythem is ample, especially when used in conjunction with a 15-footrope. In applying hobble straps to cattle always buckle or 1i>them above the ankles, otherwise there is a tendency for themto slip over the foot and off. The hobbles arc applied as follows(Fig. (>I) : With an assistant (C) at the head, a holder inthe nose (A) and rope around horns (B) buckle a hobble strapabove ankles of both hind (G, II) and the right fore (I1.).Buckle master hobble strap above left Fore ankle (B). Pass theend of rope through hobble strap (G) then through (H), thenthrough (E), and lastly across through self-lock buckle (F).By making tension on rope (I) from (J)—at direct right anglesto the animal—he is cast on the right side. After the animal iscas


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