. A complete geography. o that the western part of the country is very mountainous. Herethere is much mineral wealth, gold and silver being of most impor-tance, though emeralds of excellent grade are also obtained. In theeastern portion of the country, on the other hand, are treeless llanoson which large numbers of cattle are raised, as in is the principal agricultural product and the chief export;but sugar-cane, tobacco, and cocoa are also produced. On themountain slopes the grains, fruits, and vegetables of temperateclimates are grown. Bogota, the capital and largest city, i
. A complete geography. o that the western part of the country is very mountainous. Herethere is much mineral wealth, gold and silver being of most impor-tance, though emeralds of excellent grade are also obtained. In theeastern portion of the country, on the other hand, are treeless llanoson which large numbers of cattle are raised, as in is the principal agricultural product and the chief export;but sugar-cane, tobacco, and cocoa are also produced. On themountain slopes the grains, fruits, and vegetables of temperateclimates are grown. Bogota, the capital and largest city, is situated far in theinterior and at an elevation of about a mile and a half above sealevel. It has an agreeable climate, even though within the tropics. ECUADOR 327 Ecuador. — Why should this name, the Spanish for equator, beapplied to this country ? In the Andes of Ecuador there are manyvolcanoes, including Cotopaxi, the loftiest active volcano in theworld, and Chimborazo, which is still higher but no longer A native house in Ecuador. Fig. o57. Can you suggest reasons for building it on posts rather thanon the ground ? Naturally, because of its position, this country has a hot, dampclimate near sea level, but is much more temperate on the mountainslopes. The principal occupations are cattle raising and chief farm products are wheat and barley on the highlands, andcoffee, sugar-cane, and cocoa on the warm lowlands. The last namedis the most important product of Ecuador, and fully one-fifth ofall the cocoa produced in the world comes from there. Another product of Ecuador, and of some other South Americancountries, is sarsaparilla. The rubber industry is also well developed;and, now that the accessible supply from wild trees is becoming exhausted,attention is being given to the planting of rubber trees. Even in the cities there is practically no manufacturing. One of thereasons for this is the almost total absence of roads, making the transpor-tation of h
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