. Outlines of the comparative physiology and morphology of animals. Anatomy, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. ...ty Fig. 117.—A, tibia of a grasshopper (Meconemia), with auditory organ. B, section oi the same enlarged : /y, tympanic membrane ; auv, audi- tory vesicle ; gc, ganglionic cell. (From Packard.) and this is reduced to vestibule and semicircular canals, the cochlea being wanting. In fishes we have still the vestibular sac and mem- branous semicircular canals, but the bone has not grown completely about these so as to make bony cavities of similar shape; nor are the cavities of th
. Outlines of the comparative physiology and morphology of animals. Anatomy, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. ...ty Fig. 117.—A, tibia of a grasshopper (Meconemia), with auditory organ. B, section oi the same enlarged : /y, tympanic membrane ; auv, audi- tory vesicle ; gc, ganglionic cell. (From Packard.) and this is reduced to vestibule and semicircular canals, the cochlea being wanting. In fishes we have still the vestibular sac and mem- branous semicircular canals, but the bone has not grown completely about these so as to make bony cavities of similar shape; nor are the cavities of the ear cut off from the brain cavity. Finally in invertebrates the ear is reduced to a vestibu- lar sac and otoliths. These, therefore, are the most fun- damental and necessary parts of an organ of hearing. The hearing organs of invertebrates, however, are much diversified in form and position. In insects they are found sometimes in the first joint of the abdomen, as in some grasshoppers; sometimes in the lower joint (tibia) of the leg, as in other grasshoppers; and probably sometimes in the antennas. Insects certainly hear, for they produce sounds which are intended to be heard. In all the cases above mentioned there is a hollow re-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original LeConte, Joseph, 1823-1901. New York, D. Appleton and Company
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