. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPT1LIA. 307 marked by Nitzsch, may be considered a rudi- ment of the left lung. The right, and in this case sole, pulmonary sac is placed immediately below the spine ; it extends posteriorly as far as the region of the kidneys, and in the Coluber natrix is from five to seven inches long, and from one-half to three-quarters of an inch broad. Its parietes are thickest at the point where the rings of the trachea cease, where it is covered externally by a fibrous layer, and lined internally by a fine lattice-like net- work
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. REPT1LIA. 307 marked by Nitzsch, may be considered a rudi- ment of the left lung. The right, and in this case sole, pulmonary sac is placed immediately below the spine ; it extends posteriorly as far as the region of the kidneys, and in the Coluber natrix is from five to seven inches long, and from one-half to three-quarters of an inch broad. Its parietes are thickest at the point where the rings of the trachea cease, where it is covered externally by a fibrous layer, and lined internally by a fine lattice-like net- workof vessels. More posteriorly the pa- rietes become gradually thinner, and at last are merely membranous, giving to the whole organ still more of the appearance of a swim- ming bladder. In the slow-worm (Anguis fragilis) there are two lungs, nearly as in the salamander, though the left is still con- siderably smaller than the right. The respi- ratory motion here, as in the amphibia, is unassisted by a diaphragm, and is principally effected by the ribs and abdominal muscles. In Saurian reptiles the respiratory organs are generally formed pretty nearly as in tortoises. The larynx is tolerably simple, without vocal ligaments, and in the chame- leon is furnished with a small sac-shaped appendage: in most Saurians, the croco- dile, it opens by a longitudinal fissure; but in the chameleon by a transverse one. This opening is always unconnected, being placed far back, and somewhat covered by the pos- terior edge of the tongue in the crocodile, but in other species lying more forwards. Many of the species belonging to this order have the power of emitting a sound by the volun- tary tension of the rima glottidis, as is known to be particularly the case in the Geckos, where the tongue, which can be thrown back like that of the frog, appears to serve as an epiglottis. In the larynx we already find, particularly in the crocodile, a large pointed anterior cartilaginous lamina as a rudi
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