Heat engineering; a text book of applied thermodynamics for engineers and students in technical schools . eat flowed in from the outer metal of the wall,this temperature rose again. STEAM CONSUMPTION BY CLAYTONS METHOD J. Paul Clayton1 has studied the results of actual tests of enginesand has shown that the expansion lines of steam engines and, infact, the expansion lines from any engine using an elastic mediumare polytropic curves of the form pvn = K unless there is somepeculiarity such as leakage or some other disturbance which isnot uniform. He then investigatedthe values of n from differen
Heat engineering; a text book of applied thermodynamics for engineers and students in technical schools . eat flowed in from the outer metal of the wall,this temperature rose again. STEAM CONSUMPTION BY CLAYTONS METHOD J. Paul Clayton1 has studied the results of actual tests of enginesand has shown that the expansion lines of steam engines and, infact, the expansion lines from any engine using an elastic mediumare polytropic curves of the form pvn = K unless there is somepeculiarity such as leakage or some other disturbance which isnot uniform. He then investigatedthe values of n from different en-gines, finding the value of n by plot-ting a logarithmic diagram of pres-sure and volume as shown for thecards of Fig. 92 taken from a 20in. X 42 in. engine at 78 with4 per cent, clearance. The tablebelow shows the method of con-structing the diagram Fig. 93. If the clearance is properlymeasured and the correct scale of the spring is used, the ex-pansion lines become straight lines on the logarithmic diagramand the slopes of these lines are the values of n since log pi - log Vi 60* Spring. Fig. 92.—Card from engine forClayton analysis. log Vt, — log Vi 1 Trans. A. S. M. E., 34, p. 58, Engineering Experiment Station, Univ. of 65. (62) THE STEAM ENGINE 211 The variation of this line from a straight line, as shown in thefigure, would indicate leakage. Point Volume in fifths inches from clearance line Logarithm of volume in fifths inches + 1 Pressures in fifths inches from absolute zero Logarithm of pressure in fifths inches + 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 .
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