A system of surgery . ring the administra-tion. (10) ISTo case shouldbe regarded as and acci-dents may arise whenanaesthetising a perfectlyhealthy patient with thesafest known anaestheticfor a minor operation. (11) The anaesthetistshould devote his undi-vided attention to hispatient, and should takeno part in the operation. (12) He should haveat hand :—(a) Appli-ances for opening themouth, and maintainingit in that position : wooden wedge, aMasons gag, and a small dental mouth prop ; (b) a pair of tongue forceps; (c) instrumentsfor tracheotomy. Of the various restora
A system of surgery . ring the administra-tion. (10) ISTo case shouldbe regarded as and acci-dents may arise whenanaesthetising a perfectlyhealthy patient with thesafest known anaestheticfor a minor operation. (11) The anaesthetistshould devote his undi-vided attention to hispatient, and should takeno part in the operation. (12) He should haveat hand :—(a) Appli-ances for opening themouth, and maintainingit in that position : wooden wedge, aMasons gag, and a small dental mouth prop ; (b) a pair of tongue forceps; (c) instrumentsfor tracheotomy. Of the various restorative remedies, brandy, nitriteof amyl, tincture of digitalis, and liq. strychninse hydrochlor. arethe most reliable. 2. The chief methods of producing general anaesthesia. 1. By nitrous oxide free from air or oxygen.—The mostconvenient apparatus is shown in Fig. 47. To ensure success, anaccurately-working apparatus possessing wide channels, efficientvalves, and a face-piece which exactly fits the patients face are. Fig. 47.—Apparatus for administering Nitrous Oxide. F, Face piece; vs. valved stopcock; B, gas bag ; s, stopcock ;4, rubber tube; su, singie union; du, double union. Twocylinders of nitrous oxide with foot key are also shown. 274 ANESTHETICS. indispensable. The bag having been partly filled with gas, the iace-piece is carefully adjusted. After a few breaths of air through theapparatus, nitrous oxide is allowed to enter the face-piece. The bagis kept fairly full by rotating the foot-key. Respiration grows deeperand quicker, the features become dusky or cyanotic, the pulse isaccelerated, and the pupils usually dilate. In from thirty to seventyseconds respiration loses its rhythm and becomes catchy, jerky, ortumultuous; stertor may be heard; and clonic muscular movementsof the face and extremities appear. The administration of nitrousoxide for a dental operation is usually carried to this point; theface-piece is then removed and the operation begun. An anaesthesia
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