Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . a thin bark, a broad porous radiating-wood, and a white pithwhich is frequently hollow in the larger pieces; inodorous; tastebitter and somewhat sweetish. Roots cylindrical, more or lessbranching, from 1 to 10 cm. in length and from to 2 mm. in diam-eter, dark brown, tough, wiry. Inner Structure.—See Fig. 107. MENISPERMUM 239 Powder.—Very light brown; tracheae from to width, marked with
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . a thin bark, a broad porous radiating-wood, and a white pithwhich is frequently hollow in the larger pieces; inodorous; tastebitter and somewhat sweetish. Roots cylindrical, more or lessbranching, from 1 to 10 cm. in length and from to 2 mm. in diam-eter, dark brown, tough, wiry. Inner Structure.—See Fig. 107. MENISPERMUM 239 Powder.—Very light brown; tracheae from to width, marked with slit-like simple pores or with elliptical borderedpores, frequently with the transverse walls remaining; wood fibersnarrow, strongly lignified and with numerous large simple poresand frequently tracheid-like, , possessing bordered pores; bastfibers long, narrow, with relatively thin, strongly lignified wallsmarked by simple oblique pores; stone cells mostly cubical and withrather thin, porous walls; starch-bearing medullary ray cells resem-bling the parenchyma of cortex and pith, the latter being composed,however, of a number of larger cells, the walls of which are more or. Fig. 107.—Menispermum. Transverse section through rhizome; E, epidermis;K, sub-epidermal cork; C, cortex; B, bast fibers; S, sieve; ST, stone cells;CA, cambium; T, large trachea) or vessels; W, wood fibers; M, medullaryray cells; P, pith. less broken; starch grains mostly single, spheroidal and from mm. in diameter; epidermal cells elongated and with nearlystraight, yellowish slightly porous walls; few yellowish-brown corkcells, usually with adhering yellowish epidermis. Constituents.—ic contains a bitter alkaloid, menispine, berberineand starch. In addition it contains the alkaloid oxyacanthine, whichis also found in Berberis vulgaris of Europe and the West Indies. 240 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY Calumba.—Columbo.—The root of Jateorhiza palmata (), a
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1920
